![Peter Ghazal](https://profiles-cardiff.imgix.net/attachments/2437?w=200&h=200&auto=format&crop=faces&fit=crop&q=90")
Professor Peter Ghazal
Sêr Cymru Chair in Systems Medicine, Systems Immunity Research Institute
Overview
Prof Ghazal's research interests are aimed towards understanding how host-gene networks control infection, especially with those host-pathways associated with sepsis and the immune-metabolic axis.
His recent studies have pioneered the field of host genomics of early-life infection, mapping and deciphering gene metabolic signatures of systemic host response to infection in pre-term infants and neonates and understanding the molecular wiring and mechanisms for coupling lipid metabolism to immune (interferon) response.
These studies are specifically aimed at the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, including predictive modelling of host-defence against infection in sepsis, and the development of new computational and functional genomic methods for gaining a deeper understanding of complex dynamical biological systems of viral (cytomegaloviral) and microbial diseases.
Selected Publications
- Dantoft W, Martínez-Vicente P, Jafali J, Pérez-Martínez L, Martin K, Kotzamanis K, Craigon M, Auer M, Young NT, Walsh P, Marchant A, Angulo A, Forster T and P. Ghazal. Genomic programming of human neonatal dendritic cells in congenital systemic and in vitro cytomegalovirus infection reveal plastic and robust immune pathway biology responses. Front Immunol 8:1146. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01146. (2017)
- Duffin R, O’Connor RA, Crittenden S, Forster T, Yu C, Zheng X, Smyth D, Robb CT, Rossi F, Skouras C, Tang S, Richards J, Pellicoro A, Weller RB, Breyer RM, Mole DJ, Iredale JP, Anderton SM, Narumiya S, Maizels RM, Ghazal P, Howie SE, Rossi AG and C. Yao Prostaglandin E2 constrains systemic inflammation through an innate lymphoid cell-IL-22 axis. Science 351: 1333 – 1338 (2016).
- Robertson KA, Hsieh WY, Forster T, Blanc M, Hongjin L, Crick PJ, Yutuc, E, Watterson S, Martin K, Griffiths SJ, Wang Y, Angulo A and P. Ghazal. An interferon- induced microRNA provides broad cell-intrinsic anti-viral immunity through multi-hit host-directed targeting of the sterol pathway. PLoS Biol. 14(3):e1002364. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002364. (2016)
- Smith C, Dickinson P, Forster T, Craigon M, Ross A, Khondoker M, France R, Ivens A, Lynn D, Orme J, Jackson A, Lacaze P, Flanagan, Stenson Ghazal P, Identification of a human neonatal immune-metabolic network associated with bacterial infection. Nature comm. 14;5:4649
- Hambleton S, Goodbourn S, Young DF, Dickinson P, Mohamad SM, Valappil M, McGovern N, Cant Hackett SJ, AJ, Ghazal P, Morgan NV, RE Randall. STAT2 deficiency and susceptibility to viral illness in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Feb 19;110(8):3053-8.
- Blanc M, Hsieh WY, Robertson KA, Kropp KA, Forster T, Shui G, Lacaze, Watterson, Griffiths SJ, Spann NJ, Talbot S, Covey DF, Wenk MR, Craigon M, Ruzsics Z, Angulo A, Griffiths WJ, Glass CK, Wang Y P Ghazal. The transcription factor STAT-1 couples macrophage synthesis of 25-hydroxycholesterol to the interferon antiviral response. Immunity. 2013 38(1): 106-18.
- Blanc M, WY Hsieh, KA Robertson, S Watterson, G Shui, P Lacaze, M Khondoker, P Dickinson, G Sing, S Rodríguez-Martín, P Phelan, T Forster, B Strobl, M Müller, R Riemersma, T Osborne, MR Wenk, A Angulo and P Ghazal. Host defense against viral infection involves interferon mediated down-regulation of sterol biosynthesis. PLoS Biol. 9 2011.
- Santhakumar D, T Forster, NN Laqtom, R Fragkoudis, P Dickinson, C Abreu-Goodger, SA Manakov, NR Choudhury, A Vermeulen, SJ Griffiths, AJ Enright, B Dutia, A Kohl, P Ghazal and AH Buck. Combined agonist-antagonist genome-wide functional screening identfies broadly active antiviral microRNAs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107: 13830 – 18835. 2010
- Novère NL, M Hucka, H Mi, S Moodie, F Schreiber, A Sorokin, E Demir, K. Wegner, MI Aladjem, SM Wimalaratne, FT Bergman, R Gauges, P Ghazal, et al. The systems biology graphical notation. Nature Biotechnol. 8: 735 -741. 2009.
- Birmingham A, LM Selfors, T Forster, D Wrobel, CJ Kennedy, E Shanks, J Santoyo-Lopez, DJ Dunican, A Long, Q Smith, RL Beijersbergen, P Ghazal, CE Shamu. Statistical methods for analysis of high-throughput RNA interference screens. Nature Methods 6: 569 – 575. 2009.
- Taylor CF, D. Field, S-A Sansone, R Apweiler, M Ashburner, CA Ball, P-A. Binz, A Brazma, R Brinkman, EW Deutsch, O Fiehn, J Fostel, P Ghazal, et al. Promoting coherent minimum reporting requirements for biological and biomedical investigations: The MIBBI project. Nature Biotechnol. 26: 889 - 896. 2008.
- Wilson WH, DC Schroeder, MJ Allen, MTG Holden, J Parkhill, BG Barrell, C Churcher, N Hamlin, K Mungall, H Norbertczak, MA Quail, C Price, E Rabbinowitsch, D Walker, M Craigon, D Roy and P Ghazal. Complete genome sequence and lytic phase transcription profile of a Coccolithovirus. Science 309: 1090 – 1092. 2005.
- Benedict CA, TA Banks, L Senderowicz, M Ko, WJ Britt, A Angulo, P Ghazal, CF Ware. Lymphotoxins and cytomegalovirus cooperatively induce interferon-β establishing host-virus détente. Immunity. 15: 617-626, 2001
- Monier K., JC González-Armas, S Etteldorf, P Ghazal and KF Sullivan. Annexation of the interchromosomal space during infection. Nature Cell Biol. 2: 661-665, 2000.
- Wang H, MN Griffiths, DR Burton, P Ghazal. Rapid antibody responses by low-dose, single-step, dendritic cell-targeted immunization. Proc.Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 847-852, 2000.
- Preckel T, WP Fung-Leung, Z Cai, A Vitiello, L Salter-Cid, O Winqvist, TG Wolfe, M von Herrath, A Angulo, P Ghazal, et al. Impaired immunoproteosome assembly and immune responses in PA28-/- mice. Science 286: 2162-2165, 1999
- Chambers, J., A. Angulo, D. Amaratunga, H.C Gao, Y. Jiang, J.S. Wan, A. Bittner, K. Frueh, M.R. Jackson, P.A. Peterson, M.G. Erlander, and P. Ghazal. DNA microarrays of the complex human cytomegalovirus genome: Profiling kinetic class with drug sensitivity of viral gene expression. J. Virol. 73: 5757-5766, 1999.
- Kanakaraji, P., K. Ngo, Y. Wu, A. Angulo, P. Ghazal, C.A. Harris, J.J. Siekierka, P.A. Peterson, and W.-P. Fung-Leung. Defective interleukin (IL)-18-mediated natural killer and T helper cell type 1 responses in IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-deficient mice. J. Exp. Med. 189: 1129-1138, 1999.
- Ahn, K., A. Angulo, P. Ghazal, P.A. Peterson, Y. Yang, and K. Früh. Human cytomegalovirus inhibits antigen presentation by a sequential multi-step process. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93: 10990-10995, 1996.
- Lee, G., J. Wu, P. Luu, P. Ghazal, and O. Flores. Inhibition of the association of RNA polymerase II with the pre-initiation complex by a viral transcriptional repressor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93: 2570-2575, 1996
- Ghazal, P., C. DeMattei, E. Giulietti, S.A. Kliewer, K. Umesono, and R.M. Evans. Retinoic acid receptors initiate induction of the cytomegalovirus enhancer in embryonal cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89: 7630-7634, 1992.
- Ghazal, P., H. Lubon, B. Fleckenstein, and L. Hennighausen. Binding of transcription factors and creation of a large nucleoprotein complex on the human cytomegalovirus enhancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:3658-3662, 1987
- Ghazal, P., A.J. Clark, and J.O. Bishop. Evolutionary amplification of a pseudogene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:4182-4185, 1985.
Publication
2023
- Hamilton, F., Pedersen, K. M., Ghazal, P., Nordestgaard, B. G. and Smith, G. D. 2023. Low levels of small HDL particles predict but do not influence risk of sepsis. Critical Care 27, article number: 389. (10.1186/s13054-023-04589-1)
- Burton, R. J. et al. 2023. Conventional and unconventional T cell responses contribute to the prediction of clinical outcome and causative bacterial pathogen in sepsis patients. [Online]. medRxiv: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. (10.1101/2023.09.13.23295490v1) Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.13.23295490v1
- Hamilton, F., Mitchell, R., Ghazal, P. and Timpson, N. 2023. Phenotypic associations with the HMOX1 GT(n) repeat in European populations. American Journal of Epidemiology, article number: kwad154. (10.1093/aje/kwad154)
- Honeyford, K. et al. 2023. Prevalence of electronic screening for sepsis in National Health Service acute hospitals in England. BMJ Health & Care Informatics 30, article number: e100743. (10.1136/bmjhci-2023-100743)
- Parkinson, E. et al. 2023. Gene filtering strategies for machine learning guided biomarker discovery using neonatal sepsis RNA-seq data. Frontiers in Genetics 14, article number: 1158352. (10.3389/fgene.2023.1158352)
- Hamilton, F., Mentzer, A. J., Parks, T., Baillie, J. K., Smith, G. D., Ghazal, P. and Timpson, N. J. 2023. Variation in ERAP2 has opposing effects on severe respiratory infection and autoimmune disease. American Journal of Human Genetics 110(4), pp. 691-702. (10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.02.008)
- Oruganti, S. et al. 2023. Immune and metabolic markers for identifying and investigating severe Coronavirus disease and Sepsis in children and young people (pSeP/COVID ChYP study): protocol for a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 13, article number: e067002. (10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067002)
- Hamilton, F., Mitchell, R., Ahmed, H., Ghazal, P. and Timpson, N. J. 2023. An observational and Mendelian randomisation study on iron status and sepsis. Scientific Reports 13(1), article number: 2867. (10.1038/s41598-023-29641-6)
- Hamilton, F., Mitchell, R. E., Constantinescu, A., Hughes, D., Cunnington, A., Ghazal, P. and Timpson, N. J. 2023. The effect of interleukin-6 signaling on severe malaria: A Mendelian randomization analysis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 129, pp. 251-259. (10.1016/j.ijid.2023.02.008)
- Minelli, C. et al. 2023. Therapeutic potential of IL6R blockade for the treatment of sepsis and sepsis-related death: A mendelian randomisation study. PLoS Medicine 20(1), article number: e1004174. (10.1371/journal.pmed.1004174)
2022
- Sharma, S., Rodrigues, P. R. S., Zaher, S., Davies, L. C. and Ghazal, P. 2022. Immune-metabolic adaptations in pregnancy: A potential stepping-stone to sepsis. EBioMedicine 86, article number: 104337. (10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104337)
- Hamilton, F., Mitchell, R., Cunnington, A., Ghazal, P. and Timpson, N. J. 2022. HMOX1 STR polymorphism and malaria: an analysis of a large clinical dataset. Malaria Journal 21(1), article number: 342. (10.1186/s12936-022-04352-x)
- Brailey, P. M. et al. 2022. CD1d-dependent rewiring of lipid metabolism in macrophages regulates innate immune responses. Nature Communications 13, article number: 6723. (10.1038/s41467-022-34532-x)
- Ghazal, P., Rodrigues, P. R., Chakraborty, M., Oruganti, S. and Woolley, T. E. 2022. Corrigendum to "Challenging molecular dogmas in human sepsis using mathematical reasoning" [EBioMedicine 80 (2022) 104031]. EBioMedicine 85, article number: 104331. (10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104331)
- Sharma, S. et al. 2022. mSep: investigating physiological and immune-metabolic biomarkers in septic and healthy pregnant women to predict feto-maternal immune health – a prospective observational cohort study protocol. BMJ Open 12(9), article number: e066382. (10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066382)
- Milton, R. et al. 2022. Incidence and sociodemographic, living environment and maternal health associations with stillbirth in a tertiary healthcare setting in Kano, Northern Nigeria. Short title: Incidence and factors associated with stillbirth in Kano, Nigeria. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 22, article number: 692. (10.1186/s12884-022-04971-x)
- Hamilton, F., Evans, R., Ghazal, P. and MacGowan, A. 2022. Patients with transplantation have reduced mortality in bacteraemia: Analysis of data from a randomised trial. Journal of Infection 85(1), pp. 17-23. (10.1016/j.jinf.2022.05.014)
- Frost, J. N. et al. 2022. Evaluation of perturbed iron-homeostasis in a prospective cohort of patients with COVID-19. Wellcome Open Research 77, article number: 173. (10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17904.1)
- Ghazal, P., Rodrigues, P. R., Chakraborty, M., Oruganti, S. and Woolley, T. E. 2022. Challenging molecular dogmas in human sepsis using mathematical reasoning. EBioMedicine 80, article number: 104031. (10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104031)
- Mummidi, S., Hamilton, F. W., Somers, J., Mitchell, R. E., Ghazal, P. and Timpson, N. J. 2022. HMOX1 genetic polymorphisms and outcomes in infectious disease: A systematic review. PLoS ONE 17(5), article number: e0267399. (10.1371/journal.pone.0267399)
- Iregbu, K. et al. 2022. Global health systems' data science approach for precision diagnosis of sepsis in early life. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 22(5), pp. E143-E152. (10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00645-9)
- Pattaroni, C. et al. 2022. Early life inter-kingdom interactions shape the immunological environment of the airways. Microbiome 10(1), article number: 34. (10.1186/s40168-021-01201-y)
- Hamilton, F., Evans, R., Ghazal, P. and MacGowan, A. 2022. Time to positivity in bloodstream infection is not a prognostic marker for mortality: analysis of a prospective multicentre randomized control trial. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 28(1), pp. 136.E7-136.E13. (10.1016/j.cmi.2021.05.043)
- Misheva, M. et al. 2022. Oxylipin metabolism is controlled by mitochondrial β-oxidation during bacterial inflammation. Nature Communications 13(1), article number: 139. (10.1038/s41467-021-27766-8)
2021
- Chakraborty, M. et al. 2021. nSeP: immune and metabolic biomarkers for early detection of neonatal sepsis-protocol for a prospective multicohort study. BMJ Open 11(12), article number: e050100. (10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050100)
- Rodrigues, P. R., Picco, N., Morgan, B. P. and Ghazal, P. 2021. Sepsis target validation for repurposing and combining complement and immune checkpoint inhibition therapeutics. Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery 16(5), pp. 537-551. (10.1080/17460441.2021.1851186)
2019
- Perucha, E. et al. 2019. The cholesterol biosynthesis pathway regulates IL-10 expression in human Th1 cells. Nature Communications 10, article number: 498. (10.1038/s41467-019-08332-9)
- Dantoft, W., Robertson, K. A., Watkins, W. J., Strobl, B. and Ghazal, P. 2019. Metabolic regulators Nampt and Sirt6 serially participate in the macrophage interferon antiviral cascade. Frontiers in Microbiology (10.3389/fmicb.2019.00355)
2018
- Bah, S. Y., Forster, T., Dickinson, P., Kampmann, B. and Ghazal, P. 2018. Meta-analysis identification of highly robust and differential immune-metabolic signatures of systemic host response to acute and latent tuberculosis in children and adults. Frontiers in Genetics 9, article number: 457. (10.3389/fgene.2018.00457)
2017
- Renz, H. et al. 2017. The neonatal window of opportunity-early priming for life. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.019)
- Dantoft, W. et al. 2017. Genomic programming of human neonatal dendritic cells in congenital systemic and in vitro cytomegalovirus infection reveal plastic and robust immune pathway biology responses. Frontiers in Immunology 8, article number: 1146. (10.3389/fimmu.2017.01146)
- Benson, H. E. et al. 2017. Is systems pharmacology ready to impact upon therapy development? A study on the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. British Journal of Pharmacology 174(23), pp. 4362-4382. (10.1111/bph.14037)
- Newmark, H., Dantoft, W. and Ghazal, P. 2017. Evolutionary origin of the interferon - Immune metabolic axis: The sterol-Vitamin d link. Frontiers in Immunology 8, article number: 62. (10.3389/fimmu.2017.00062)
2016
- Robertson, K. A. and Ghazal, P. 2016. Interferon control of the sterol metabolic network: bidirectional molecular circuitry-mediating host protection. Frontiers in Immunology 7 (10.3389/fimmu.2016.00634)
- Clement, M. et al. 2016. Cytomegalovirus-specific IL-10-producing CD4+ T cells are governed by type-I IFN-induced IL-27 and promote virus persistence. Plos Pathogens 12(12), article number: e1006050. (10.1371/journal.ppat.1006050)
- Noho-Konteh, F. et al. 2016. Sex-differential non-vaccine-specific immunological effects of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis and measles vaccination. Clinical Infectious Diseases 63(9), pp. 1213-1226. (10.1093/cid/ciw492)
- Bah, S. Y., Dickinson, P., Forster, T., Kampmann, B. and Ghazal, P. 2016. Immune oxysterols: Role in mycobacterial infection and inflammation. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 169, pp. 152-163. (10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.04.015)
- Duffin, R. et al. 2016. Prostaglandin E2 constrains systemic inflammation through an innate lymphoid cell-IL-22 axis. Science 351(6279), pp. 1333-1338. (10.1126/science.aad9903)
- Ploegh, H. L. et al. 2016. An interferon regulated microrna provides broad cell-intrinsic antiviral immunity through multihit host-directed targeting of the sterol pathway. PLoS Biology 14(3), article number: e1002364. (10.1371/journal.pbio.1002364)
2015
- Walsh, P. et al. 2015. Draft genome sequences of six different Staphylococcus epidermidis clones, isolated individually from preterm neonates presenting with sepsis at Edinburgh's Royal Infirmary. Genome Announcements 3(3), pp. e00471-15. (10.1128/genomeA.00471-15)
- Sun, R. et al. 2015. A temporal gate for viral enhancers to co-opt toll-like-receptor transcriptional activation pathways upon acute infection. PLoS Pathogens 11(4), article number: e1004737. (10.1371/journal.ppat.1004737)
- Kotzamanis, K., Angulo, A. and Ghazal, P. 2015. Infection homeostasis: implications for therapeutic and immune programming of metabolism in controlling infection. Medical Microbiology and Immunology 204(3), pp. 395-407. (10.1007/s00430-015-0402-5)
- Lu, H., Talbot, S., Robertson, K. A., Watterson, S., Forster, T., Roy, D. and Ghazal, P. 2015. Rapid proteasomal elimination of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase by interferon-Rapid proteasomal elimination of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase by interferon-y in primary macrophages requires endogenous 25-hydroxycholesterol synthesis in primary macrophages requires endogenous 25-hydroxycholesterol synthesis. Steroids 99, pp. 219-229. (10.1016/j.steroids.2015.02.022)
- Stack, G. et al. 2015. CD200 receptor restriction of myeloid cell responses antagonizes antiviral immunity and facilitates cytomegalovirus persistence within mucosal tissue. PLoS Pathogens 11(2), article number: e1004641. (10.1371/journal.ppat.1004641)
- O'Driscoll, A., Belogrudov, V., Carroll, J., Kropp, K., Walsh, P., Ghazal, P. and Sleator, R. D. 2015. HBLAST: parallelised sequence similarity - A Hadoop MapReducable basic local alignment search tool. Journal of Biomedical Informatics 54, pp. 58-64. (10.1016/j.jbi.2015.01.008)
2014
- Dickinson, P. et al. 2014. Whole blood gene expression profiling of neonates with confirmed bacterial sepsis. Genomics Data 3, pp. 41-48. (10.1016/j.gdata.2014.11.003)
- Kropp, K. A. et al. 2014. Draft genome sequence of a Staphylococcus aureus isolate taken from the blood of a preterm neonatal blood sepsis patient. Genome Announcements 2(5), pp. e00906-14. (10.1128/genomeA.00906-14)
- Kropp, K. A. et al. 2014. Draft genome sequence of a Pantoea sp. isolated from a preterm neonatal blood sepsis patient. Genome Announcements 2(5), pp. e00904-14. (10.1128/genomeA.00904-14)
- Kropp, K. A. et al. 2014. Draft genome sequence of an Enterococcus faecalis strain isolated from a neonatal blood sepsis patient. Genome Announcements 2(5), pp. e00907-14. (10.1128/genomeA.00907-14)
- Kropp, K. A. et al. 2014. Draft genome sequence of a Serratia marcescens strain isolated from a preterm neonatal blood sepsis patient at the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. Genome Announcements 2(5), pp. e00908-14. (10.1128/genomeA.00908-14)
- Kropp, K. A. et al. 2014. Draft genome sequence of a Staphylococcus warneri strain isolated from a preterm neonate blood sepsis patient at the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, Scotland. Genome Announcements 2(5), pp. e00877-14. (10.1128/genomeA.00877-14)
- Kropp, K. A. et al. 2014. Draft genome sequence of a Streptococcus agalactiae strain isolated from a preterm neonate blood sepsis patient at the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, Scotland. Genome Announcements 2(5), pp. e00875-14. (10.1128/genomeA.00875-14)
- Smith, C. L. et al. 2014. Identification of a human neonatal immune-metabolic network associated with bacterial infection. Nature Communications 5, article number: 4649. (10.1038/ncomms5649)
- Griffiths, S. J. et al. 2014. A loss of function analysis of host factors influencing Vaccinia virus replication by RNA interference. PLoS ONE 9(6), article number: e98431. (10.1371/journal.pone.0098431)
- Rall, G. F., Kropp, K. A., Angulo, A. and Ghazal, P. 2014. Viral enhancer mimicry of host innate-immune promoters. PLoS Pathogens 10(2), pp. e1003804. (10.1371/journal.ppat.1003804)
2013
- Cases, M. et al. 2013. Improving data and knowledge management to better integrate health care and research. Journal of Internal Medicine 274(4), pp. 321-328. (10.1111/joim.12105)
- Trilling, M. et al. 2013. Deciphering the modulation of gene expression by type I and II interferons combining 4sU-tagging, translational arrest and in silico promoter analysis. Nucleic Acids Research 41(17), pp. 8107-8125. (10.1093/nar/gkt589)
- Gao, S. et al. 2013. A systematic analysis of host factors reveals a med23-interferon-λ regulatory axis against herpes simplex virus type 1 replication. PLoS Pathogens 9(8), pp. e1003514. (10.1371/journal.ppat.1003514)
- Ghazal, P., Dickinson, P. and Smith, C. L. 2013. Early life response to infection. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 26(3), pp. 213-218. (10.1097/QCO.0b013e32835fb8bf)
- Flanagan, K., Noho-Konteh, F., Ghazal, P. and Dickinson, P. 2013. Transcriptional profiling technology for studying vaccine responses: An untapped goldmine. Methods 60(3), pp. 269-274. (10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.03.032)
- Mazein, A., Watterson, S., Hsieh, W., Griffiths, W. J. and Ghazal, P. 2013. A comprehensive machine-readable view of the mammalian cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Biochemical Pharmacology 86(1), pp. 56-66. (10.1016/j.bcp.2013.03.021)
- Gibbs, H. C., Sing, G., Armas, J. C. G., Campbell, C. J., Ghazal, P. and Yeh, A. T. 2013. Time-lapse ultrashort pulse microscopy of infection in three-dimensional versus two-dimensional culture environments reveals enhanced extra-chromosomal virus replication compartment formation. Journal of Biomedical Optics 18(3), pp. 31111. (10.1117/1.JBO.18.3.031111)
- Watterson, S. et al. 2013. A model of flux regulation in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway: Immune mediated graduated flux reduction versus statin-like led stepped flux reduction. Biochimie 95(3), pp. 613-621. (10.1016/j.biochi.2012.05.024)
- Hambleton, S. et al. 2013. STAT2 deficiency and susceptibility to viral illness in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110(8), article number: 201220098. (10.1073/pnas.1220098110)
- Piotrowski, M. et al. 2013. Exploiting parallel R in the cloud with SPRINT. Methods of Information in Medicine 52(1), pp. 80-90. (10.3414/ME11-02-0039)
- Blanc, M. et al. 2013. The Transcription Factor STAT-1 Couples Macrophage Synthesis of 25-Hydroxycholesterol to the Interferon Antiviral Response. Immunity 38(1), pp. 106-118. (10.1016/j.immuni.2012.11.004)
2012
- Mitchell, L., Sloan, T. M., Mewissen, M., Ghazal, P., Forster, T., Piotrowski, M. and Trew, A. 2012. Parallel classification and feature selection in microarray data using SPRINT. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 26(4), pp. 854-865. (10.1002/cpe.2928)
- Akman, O. E., Watterson, S., Parton, A., Binns, N., Millar, A. J. and Ghazal, P. 2012. Corrigendum for the paper 'Digital clocks: simple Boolean models can quantitatively describe circadian systems'. Interface 9(77), pp. 3578. (10.1098/rsif.2012.0673)
- Britt, W. J. et al. 2012. Ablation of the regulatory IE1 protein of murine cytomegalovirus alters in vivo pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha production during acute infection. PLoS Pathogens 8(8), pp. e1002901. (10.1371/journal.ppat.1002901)
- Maojo, V. et al. 2012. Nanoinformatics: developing new computing applications for nanomedicine. Computing 94(6), pp. 521-539. (10.1007/s00607-012-0191-2)
- Planas-Iglesias, J. et al. 2012. Extending signaling pathways with protein-Interaction networks. Application to apoptosis. OMICS 16(5), pp. 245-256. (10.1089/omi.2011.0130)
- Corrigan, D. K. et al. 2012. Impedimetric detection of single-stranded PCR products derived from methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 34(1), pp. 178-184. (10.1016/j.bios.2012.01.040)
- Akman, O. E., Watterson, S., Parton, A., Binns, N., Millar, A. J. and Ghazal, P. 2012. Digital clocks: simple Boolean models can quantitatively describe circadian systems. Interface 9(74), pp. 2365-2382. (10.1098/rsif.2012.0080)
- Damania, B. et al. 2012. Viral Mediated Redirection of NEMO/IKK? to Autophagosomes Curtails the Inflammatory Cascade. PLoS Pathogens 8(2), pp. e1002517. (10.1371/journal.ppat.1002517)
- Ciani, I. et al. 2012. Development of immunosensors for direct detection of three wound infection biomarkers at point of care using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 31(1), pp. 413-418. (10.1016/j.bios.2011.11.004)
2011
- Petrou, S. et al. 2011. Optimization of a parallel permutation testing function for the SPRINT R package. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 23(17), pp. 2258-2268. (10.1002/cpe.1787)
- Ember, S. W. J. et al. 2011. Fast DNA and protein microarray tests for the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection on a single platform. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 401(8), pp. 2549-2559. (10.1007/s00216-011-5332-5)
- Kropp, K. A. et al. 2011. Reversible inhibition of murine cytomegalovirus replication by gamma interferon (IFN- ) in primary macrophages involves a primed type I IFN-signaling subnetwork for full establishment of an immediate-early antiviral state. Journal of Virology 85(19), pp. 10286-10299. (10.1128/JVI.00373-11)
- Piotrowski, M. et al. 2011. Optimisation and parallelisation of the partitioning around medoids function in R. pp. 707., (10.1109/HPCSim.2011.5999896)
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2008
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2007
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2006
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2005
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2004
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2003
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2002
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2001
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2000
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1999
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- Dickinson, L. A., Trauger, J. W., Baird, E. E., Ghazal, P., Dervan, P. B. and Gottesfeld, J. M. 1999. Anti-repression of RNA polymerase II transcription by pyrrole−imidazole polyamides. Biochemistry 38(33), pp. 10801-10807. (10.1021/bi9912847)
1998
- LeBlanc, J. F., McLane, K. E., Parren, P. W. H. I., Burton, D. R. and Ghazal, P. 1998. Recognition properties of a sequence-specific DNA binding antibody. Biochemistry 37(17), pp. 6015-6022. (10.1021/bi9730792)
1996
- Ahn, K., Angulo, A., Ghazal, P., Peterson, P. A., Yang, Y. and Fruh, K. 1996. Human cytomegalovirus inhibits antigen presentation by a sequential multistep process. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93(20), pp. 10990-10995. (10.1073/pnas.93.20.10990)
- Angulo, A., Suto, C., Heyman, R. A. and Ghazal, P. 1996. Characterization of the sequences of the human cytomegalovirus enhancer that mediate differential regulation by natural and synthetic retinoids. Molecular Endocrinology -Baltimore- 10(7), pp. 781-793. (10.1210/me.10.7.781)
- Lee, G., Wu, J., Luu, P., Ghazal, P. and Flores, O. 1996. Inhibition of the association of RNA polymerase II with the preinitiation complex by a viral transcriptional repressor.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93(6), pp. 2570-2575. (10.1073/pnas.93.6.2570)
1995
- McLane, K. E., Burton, D. R. and Ghazal, P. 1995. Transplantation of a 17-amino acid alpha-helical DNA-binding domain into an antibody molecule confers sequence-dependent DNA recognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 92(11), pp. 5214-5218. (10.1073/pnas.92.11.5214)
1994
- Barbas, S. M., Ghazal, P., Barbas, C. F. and Burton, D. R. 1994. Recognition of DNA by synthetic antibodies. Journal of the American Chemical Society 116(5), pp. 2161-2162. (10.1021/ja00084a073)
1992
- Ghazal, P. and Nelson, J. A. 1992. Interactions between cytomegalovirus immediate-early proteins and the long terminal repeat of human immunodeficiency virus. Reviews in Medical Virology 3(1), pp. 47-55. (10.1002/rmv.1980030107)
- Ghazal, P., DeMattei, C., Giulietti, E., Kliewer, S. A., Umesono, K. and Evans, R. M. 1992. Retinoic acid receptors initiate induction of the cytomegalovirus enhancer in embryonal cells.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 89(16), pp. 7630-7634. (10.1073/pnas.89.16.7630)
- Baracchini, E., Glezer, E., Fish, K., Stenberg, R. M., Nelson, J. A. and Ghazal, P. 1992. An isoform variant of the cytomegalovirus immediate-early auto repressor functions as a transcriptional activator. Virology 188(2), pp. 518-529. (10.1016/0042-6822(92)90506-K)
1990
- Nelson, J. . A., Ghazal, P. and Wiley, C. A. 1990. Role of opportunistic viral infections in AIDS. AIDS 4(1), pp. 1-10. (10.1097/00002030-199001000-00001)
- Ghazal, P., Lubon, H., Reynolds-Kohler, C., Hennighausen, L. and Nelson, J. A. 1990. Interactions between cellular regulatory proteins and a unique sequence region in the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early promoter. Virology 174(1), pp. 18-25. (10.1016/0042-6822(90)90049-W)
1989
- Al-Shawi, R., Ghazal, P., Clark, A. J. and Bishop, J. O. 1989. Intraspecific evolution of a gene family coding for urinary proteins. Journal of Molecular Evolution 29(4), pp. 302-313. (10.1007/BF02103618)
1987
- Ghazal, P., Lubon, H., Fleckenstein, B. and Hennighausen, L. 1987. Binding of transcription factors and creation of a large nucleoprotein complex on the human cytomegalovirus enhancer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 84(11), pp. 3658-3662. (10.1073/pnas.84.11.3658)
Articles
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- Yang, W. C., Devi-Rao, G. V., Ghazal, P., Wagner, E. K. and Triezenberg, S. J. 2002. General and specific alterations in programming of global viral gene expression during Infection by VP16 activation-deficient mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1. Journal of Virology 76(24), pp. 12758-12774. (10.1128/JVI.76.24.12758-12774.2002)
- Alcami, A., Ghazal, P. and Yewdell, J. W. 2002. Viruses in control of the immune system: Workshop on molecular mechanisms of immune modulation: lessons from viruses. EMBO reports 3(10), pp. 927-932. (10.1093/embo-reports/kvf200)
- Aguilar, J., Roy, D., Ghazal, P. and Wagner, E. 2002. Dimethyl sulfoxide blocks herpes simplex virus-1 productive infection in vitro acting at different stages with positive cooperativity. Application of micro-array analysis. BMC Infectious Diseases 2(9) (10.1186/1471-2334-2-9)
- Roy, D., Forster, T., McGeever, S., Robertson, K. and Ghazal, P. 2002. Meeting Review: Bioinformatics of Biochips: Accelerating Discovery in Functional Genomics. Comparative and Functional Genomics 3(4), pp. 380-386. (10.1002/cfg.179)
- Wagner, E. K., Garcia Ramirez, J. J., Stingley, S. W., Aguilar, S. A., Buehler, L., Devi-Rao, G. B. and Ghazal, P. 2002. Practical approaches to long oligonucleotide-based DNA microarray: Lessons from herpesviruses. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology 71, pp. 445-491. (10.1016/S0079-6603(02)71048-9)
- Ghazal, P. 2001. DNA microarray technology and integrative viral genomics. Drug Discovery Today 6(20), pp. 1046. (10.1016/S1359-6446(01)02001-3)
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- Früh, K., Simmen, K., Luukkonen, B., Bell, Y. C. and Ghazal, P. 2001. Virogenomics: a novel approach to antiviral drug discovery. Drug Discovery Today 6(12), pp. 621-627. (10.1016/S1359-6446(01)01808-6)
- Redpath, S., Ghazal, P. and Gascoigne, N. R. 2001. Hijacking and exploitation of IL-10 by intracellular pathogens. Trends in Microbiology 9(2), pp. 86-92. (10.1016/S0966-842X(00)01919-3)
- Garcia-Ramirez, J. J., Ruchti, F., Huang, H., Simmen, K., Angulo, A. and Ghazal, P. 2001. Dominance of virus over host factors in cross-species activation of human cytomegalovirus early gene expression. Journal of Virology 75(1), pp. 26-35. (10.1128/JVI.75.1.26-35.2001)
- Angulo, A., Ghazal, P. and Messerle, M. 2000. The major immediate-early gene ie3 of mouse cytomegalovirus is essential for viral growth. Journal of Virology 74(23), pp. 11129-11136. (10.1128/JVI.74.23.11129-11136.2000)
- Monier, K., Armas, J. C. G., Etteldorf, S., Ghazal, P. and Sullivan, K. F. 2000. Annexation of the interchromosomal space during viral infection. Nature Cell Biology 2(9), pp. 661-665. (10.1038/35023615)
- Ghazal, P., García-Ramírez, J., González-Armas, J. C., Kurz, S. and Angulo, A. 2000. Principles of homeostasis in governing virus activation and latency. Immunologic Research 21(2-3), pp. 219-223. (10.1385/IR:21:2-3:219)
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- Wang, H., Griffiths, M. N., Burton, D. R. and Ghazal, P. 2000. Rapid antibody responses by low-dose, single-step, dendritic cell-targeted immunization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 97(2), pp. 847-852. (10.1073/pnas.97.2.847)
- Ghazal, P., González Armas, J. C., García-Ramírez, J. J., Kurz, S. and Angulo, A. 2000. Viruses: Hostages to the Cell. Virology 275(2), pp. 233-237. (10.1006/viro.2000.0553)
- Stingley, S. W., Ramirez, J. J. G., Aguilar, S. A., Simmen, K., Sandri-Goldin, R. M., Ghazal, P. and Wagner, E. K. 2000. Global analysis of herpes simplex virus type 1 transcription using an oligonucleotide-based DNA microarray. Journal of Virology 74(21), pp. 9916-9927. (10.1128/JVI.74.21.9916-9927.2000)
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- Lee, K. J., Angulo, A., Ghazal, P. and Janda, K. D. 1999. Soluble-polymer supported synthesis of a prostanoid library: Identification of antiviral activity. Organic Letters 1(11), pp. 1859-1862. (10.1021/ol991130j)
- Dickinson, L. A., Trauger, J. W., Baird, E. E., Ghazal, P., Dervan, P. B. and Gottesfeld, J. M. 1999. Anti-repression of RNA polymerase II transcription by pyrrole−imidazole polyamides. Biochemistry 38(33), pp. 10801-10807. (10.1021/bi9912847)
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- Ahn, K., Angulo, A., Ghazal, P., Peterson, P. A., Yang, Y. and Fruh, K. 1996. Human cytomegalovirus inhibits antigen presentation by a sequential multistep process. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93(20), pp. 10990-10995. (10.1073/pnas.93.20.10990)
- Angulo, A., Suto, C., Heyman, R. A. and Ghazal, P. 1996. Characterization of the sequences of the human cytomegalovirus enhancer that mediate differential regulation by natural and synthetic retinoids. Molecular Endocrinology -Baltimore- 10(7), pp. 781-793. (10.1210/me.10.7.781)
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- Barbas, S. M., Ghazal, P., Barbas, C. F. and Burton, D. R. 1994. Recognition of DNA by synthetic antibodies. Journal of the American Chemical Society 116(5), pp. 2161-2162. (10.1021/ja00084a073)
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- Ghazal, P., DeMattei, C., Giulietti, E., Kliewer, S. A., Umesono, K. and Evans, R. M. 1992. Retinoic acid receptors initiate induction of the cytomegalovirus enhancer in embryonal cells.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 89(16), pp. 7630-7634. (10.1073/pnas.89.16.7630)
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Book sections
- Loewe, L., Guerriero, M. L., Watterson, S., Moodie, S., Ghazal, P. and Hillston, J. 2011. Translation from the quantified implicit process flow abstraction in SBGN-PD diagrams to Bio-PEPA illustrated on the cholesterol pathway. In: Priami, C. et al. eds. Transactions on Computational Systems Biology XIII. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Germany:, pp. 13-38., (10.1007/978-3-642-19748-2_2)
- Ghazal, P. 2009. Pathway Biology Approach to Medicine. In: Handbook of research on systems biology applications in medicine. Medical Information Science Reference, pp. 1-10., (10.4018/978-1-60566-076-9.ch001)
Conferences
- Piotrowski, M. et al. 2011. Optimisation and parallelisation of the partitioning around medoids function in R. pp. 707., (10.1109/HPCSim.2011.5999896)
- Mitchell, L., Sloan, T. M., Mewissen, M., Ghazal, P., Forster, T., Piotrowski, M. and Trew, A. S. 2011. A parallel random forest classifier for R. pp. 1., (10.1145/1996023.1996024)
- Nishimura, M. K. Y. et al. 2009. Bait-and-switch molecular recognition in nucleic acid sensors: Time-resolved fluorescence, single nucleotide polymorphism detection. Presented at: 2009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics, Wuhan, China, 14-16 August 20092009 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics. IEEE, (10.1109/SOPO.2009.5230114)
- Yu, L., Watterson, S., Marshall, S. and Ghazal, P. 2009. Inference of transition probabilities between the attractors in Boolean networks with perturbation. Presented at: 2009 IEEE International Workshop on Genomic Signal Processing and Statistics, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 17-21 May 20092009 IEEE International Workshop on Genomic Signal Processing and Statistics. IEEE, (10.1109/GENSIPS.2009.5174376)
- Dickinson, P. et al. 2006. Positional characteristics of fluorophores influencing signal output of a DNA nanoswitch. Presented at: Bio Micro and Nanosystems Conference, San Francisco, California, 15-18 January 2006Bio Micro and Nanosystems Conference 2006. United States: Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Inc pp. 3., (10.1109/BMN.2006.330892)
- Vo-Dinh, T. et al. 2006. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for the detection of intracellular constituents using gold nanoshells. Presented at: SPIE BiOS, San Jose, California, 21-26 January 2006Proceedings Volume 6099, Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine III; 609905 (2006), Vol. 6099. Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers, (10.1117/12.646464)
- Yu, L., Marshall, S., Forster, T. and Ghazal, P. 2006. Modelling of macrophage gene expression in the interferon pathway. Presented at: 2006 IEEE International Workshop on Genomic Signal Processing and Statistics, College Station, TX, 28-30 May 20062006 IEEE International Workshop on Genomic Signal Processing and Statistics (IEEE Conference Proceedings). United States: IEEE pp. 45., (10.1109/GENSIPS.2006.353148)
- Beattie, J. et al. 2005. Interdisciplinary integrated research teams in an academic environment., Vol. 1. pp. 328., (10.1109/IEMC.2005.1559145)
Websites
- Burton, R. J. et al. 2023. Conventional and unconventional T cell responses contribute to the prediction of clinical outcome and causative bacterial pathogen in sepsis patients. [Online]. medRxiv: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. (10.1101/2023.09.13.23295490v1) Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.13.23295490v1
Biography
Professor Peter Ghazal FMedSci holds the Sêr Cymru II Chair of Systems Medicine at Cardiff Medical School, Systems Immunity Research Institute and is Honorary Professor of Molecular Genetics and Biomedicine at the University of Edinburgh Medical School. He was founding Director of the Scottish Centre for Genomic Technology and Informatics and former Head of the Division of Pathway Medicine, Associate Director of Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology at Edinburgh. Prior to joining Edinburgh Medical School, he was Associate Professor at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California and a Scholar of the American Leukemia Society.
His research interests are in the field of host genomics of early-life infection, mapping immune (interferon) networks of systemic host response to infection and understanding the link between lipid metabolism and host protection pathways.
These studies are specifically aimed at the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, including predictive modelling of host-defence against infection. He has been actively involved in a range of collaborative clinical investigations conducted in the UK and in Africa with the MRC Gambia unit using a systems biology approach to better understand neonatal sepsis, and deciphering the molecular systems immunology of childhood pneumonia and vaccine responses.
His career spans 15 years in the USA (as a Fellow at NIH and subsequently as Faculty member at The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology) and the last 17 years in the UK, he has published over 200 papers and 9 patents and founder of three start-up companies.
Professor Ghazal has served on a number of national and international advisory boards, think tanks, and review committees within both academia, industry, charitable and government bodies in the UK, EU, USA and Canada, including most recently Chair of the Virus Scientific Advisory Board for the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, and a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for the NIH NIAID Human Immunology Project Consortium in the USA. He was elected Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2015.
