Dr Chris North

(e/fe)

2024

• Abbott, R. et al. 2024. Search for gravitational-lensing signatures in the full third observing run of the LIGO–Virgo network. Astrophysical Journal 970(191) (10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e83)
• Abac, A. G. et al. 2024. Observation of gravitational waves from the coalescence of a 2.5–4.5 M ⊙ compact object and a neutron star. The Astrophysical Journal Letters 970(2), article number: L34. (10.3847/2041-8213/ad5beb)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2024. Search for gravitational-wave transients associated with magnetar bursts in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data from the third observing run. The Astrophysical Journal 966(1), article number: 137. (10.3847/1538-4357/ad27d3)
• Fletcher, C. et al. 2024. A joint Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT analysis of Gravitational-wave candidates from the third Gravitational-wave Observing Run. The Astrophysical Journal 964(2), article number: 149. (10.3847/1538-4357/ad1eed)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2024. GWTC-2.1: Deep extended catalog of compact binary coalescences observed by LIGO and Virgo during the first half of the third observing run. Physical Review D (particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology) 109(2), article number: 22001. (10.1103/PhysRevD.109.022001)

2023

• Abbott, R. et al. 2023. Search for gravitational waves associated with fast radio bursts detected by CHIME/FRB during the LIGO–Virgo observing run O3a. Astrophysical Journal 955(2), article number: 155. (10.3847/1538-4357/acd770)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2023. Constraints on the cosmic expansion history from GWTC–3. Astrophysical Journal 949(2), article number: 76. (10.3847/1538-4357/ac74bb)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2023. Population of merging compact binaries inferred using gravitational waves through GWTC-3. Physical Review X 13(1), article number: 11048. (10.1103/PhysRevX.13.011048)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2023. Search for subsolar-mass black hole binaries in the second part of Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's third observing run. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, article number: stad588. (10.1093/mnras/stad588)

2022

• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. Search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 with a hidden Markov model in O3 LIGO data. Physical Review D 106(6), article number: 62002. (10.1103/PhysRevD.106.062002)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. Search for continuous gravitational wave emission from the Milky Way center in O3 LIGO-Virgo data. Physical Review D 106(4), article number: 42003. (10.1103/PhysRevD.106.042003)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. Search for subsolar-mass binaries in the first half of advanced LIGO's and advanced Virgo's third observing run. Physical Review Letters 129(6) (10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.061104)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. First joint observation by the underground gravitational-wave detector, KAGRA, with GEO 600. Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics 2022(6), article number: 063F01. (10.1093/ptep/ptac073)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. Narrowband searches for continuous and long-duration transient gravitational waves from known pulsars in the LIGO-Virgo third observing run. Astrophysical Journal 932(2), article number: 133. (10.3847/1538-4357/ac6ad0)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. All-sky, all-frequency directional search for persistent gravitational waves from Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs. Physical Review D 105(12), article number: 122001. (10.1103/PhysRevD.105.122001)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. All-sky search for gravitational wave emission from scalar boson clouds around spinning black holes in LIGO O3 data. Physical Review D 105(10), article number: 102001. (10.1103/PhysRevD.105.102001)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. Search of the early O3 LIGO data for continuous gravitational waves from the Cassiopeia A and Vela Jr. supernova remnants. Physical Review D 105(8), article number: 82005. (10.1103/PhysRevD.105.082005)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. Search for gravitational waves associated with gamma-ray bursts detected by Fermi and Swift during the LIGO-Virgo Run O3b. Astrophysical Journal 928(2), article number: 186. (10.3847/1538-4357/ac532b)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. Search for intermediate-mass black hole binaries in the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. Astronomy & Astrophysics 659, article number: A84. (10.1051/0004-6361/202141452)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2022. Constraints on dark photon dark matter using data from LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run. Physical Review D 105(6), article number: 63030. (10.1103/PhysRevD.105.063030)

2021

• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. Search for lensing signatures in the gravitational-wave observations from the first half of LIGO-Virgo's third observing run. Astrophysical Journal 923(1), article number: 14. (10.3847/1538-4357/ac23db)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. All-sky search for short gravitational-wave bursts in the third Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo run. Physical Review D 104, article number: 122004. (10.1103/PhysRevD.104.122004)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2021. Erratum: "Searches for continuous gravitational waves from 15 supernova remnants and Fomalhaut b with advanced LIGO" (2019, ApJ, 875, 122)*. Astrophysical Journal 918(2), pp. 91. (10.3847/1538-4357/ac1f2c)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. Search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs. Physical Review D 104(2), article number: 22005. (10.1103/PhysRevD.104.022005)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. Upper limits on the isotropic gravitational-wave background from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's third observing run. Physical Review D 104(2), article number: 22004. (10.1103/PhysRevD.104.022004)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. Search for gravitational waves associated with gamma-ray bursts detected by Fermi and Swift during the LIGO-Virgo run O3a. Astrophysical Journal 915(2), article number: 86. (10.3847/1538-4357/abee15)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. Observation of gravitational waves from two neutron star-black hole coalescences. Astrophysical Journal Letters 915(1), article number: L5. (10.3847/2041-8213/ac082e)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. GWTC-2: compact binary coalescences observed by LIGO and Virgo during the first half of the third observing run. Physical Review X 11(2), article number: 21053. (10.1103/PhysRevX.11.021053)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. Constraints on cosmic strings using data from the third advanced LIGO-Virgo observing run. Physical Review Letters 126(24), article number: 241102. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.241102)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. Tests of general relativity with binary black holes from the second LIGO-Virgo gravitational-wave transient catalog. Physical Review D 103(12), article number: 122002. (10.1103/PhysRevD.103.122002)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. All-sky search in early O3 LIGO data for continuous gravitational-wave signals from unknown neutron stars in binary systems. Physical Review D 103(6), article number: 64017. (10.1103/PhysRevD.103.064017)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2021. A gravitational-wave measurement of the Hubble constant following the second observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo. Astrophysical Journal 909(2), article number: 218. (10.3847/1538-4357/abdcb7)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2021. Open data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. SoftwareX 13, article number: 100658. (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100658)

2020

• Abbott, R. et al. 2020. GW190521: a binary back hole merger with a total mass of 150 M⊙. Physical Review Letters 125(10), article number: 101102. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.101102)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2020. Properties and astrophysical implications of the 150 M ⊙ binary black hole merger GW190521. Astrophysical Journal Letters 900(1), article number: L13. (10.3847/2041-8213/aba493)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2020. GW190412: observation of a binary-black-hole coalescence with asymmetric masses. Physical Review D 102(4), article number: 43015. (10.1103/PhysRevD.102.043015)
• Abbott, R. et al. 2020. GW190814: gravitational waves from the coalescence of a 23 solar mass black hole with a 2.6 solar mass compact object. Astrophysical Journal Letters 896(2), article number: L44. (10.3847/2041-8213/ab960f)
• Hamburg, R. et al. 2020. A joint Fermi-GBM and LIGO/Virgo analysis of compact binary mergers from the first and second gravitational-wave observing runs. Astrophysical Journal 893(2), article number: 100. (10.3847/1538-4357/ab7d3e)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2020. Optically targeted search for gravitational waves emitted by core-collapse supernovae during the first and second observing runs of advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo. Physical Review D 101(8), article number: 84002. (10.1103/PhysRevD.101.084002)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2020. A guide to LIGO-Virgo detector noise and extraction of transient gravitational-wave signals. Classical and Quantum Gravity 37(5), article number: 55002. (10.1088/1361-6382/ab685e)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2020. Model comparison from LIGO-Virgo data on GW170817's binary components and consequences for the merger remnant. Classical and Quantum Gravity 37(4), article number: 45006. (10.1088/1361-6382/ab5f7c)
• Mellors, R., North, C. and Mullally, G. 2020. Physics mentoring project. [Online]. Cardiff Unicersity. Available at: https://physicsmentoring.co.uk/

2019

• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. Search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 in the second Advanced LIGO observing run with an improved hidden Markov model. Physical Review D 100(12), article number: 122002. (10.1103/PhysRevD.100.122002)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2019. Search for gravitational-wave signals associated with gamma-ray bursts during the second observing run of advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. Astrophysical Journal 886(1), article number: 75. (10.3847/1538-4357/ab4b48)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. Tests of general relativity with the binary black hole signals from the LIGO-Virgo catalog GWTC-1. Physical Review D 100(10), article number: 104036. (10.1103/PhysRevD.100.104036)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. Search for subsolar mass ultracompact binaries in advanced LIGO's second observing run. Physical Review Letters 123(16), article number: 161102. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.161102)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. Search for intermediate mass black hole binaries in the first and second observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Virgo network. Physical Review D 100(6), article number: 64064. (10.1103/PhysRevD.100.064064)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2019. Search for eccentric binary black hole mergers with advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo during their first and second observing runs. Astrophysical Journal 883(1), article number: 49. (10.3847/1538-4357/ab3c2d)
• Booth, C. et al. 2019. All-sky search for continuous gravitational waves from isolated neutron stars using Advanced LIGO O2 data. Physical Review D 100(2), article number: 24004. (10.1103/PhysRevD.100.024004)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. All-sky search for short gravitational-wave bursts in the second Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo run. Physical Review D 100(2), pp. -., article number: 24017. (10.1103/PhysRevD.100.024017)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. Tests of general relativity with GW170817. Physical Review Letters 123, pp. -., article number: 11102. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.011102)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. Narrow-band search for gravitational waves from known pulsars using the second LIGO observing run. Physical Review D 99(12), pp. -., article number: 122002. (10.1103/PhysRevD.99.122002)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2019. Searches for Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars at Two Harmonics in 2015?2017 LIGO Data. Astrophysical Journal 879(1), pp. 10., article number: 10. (10.3847/1538-4357/ab20cb)
• Soares-Santos, M. et al. 2019. First measurement of the Hubble constant from a dark standard siren using the Dark Energy Survey galaxies and the LIGO/Virgo binary-black-hole merger GW170814. Astrophysical Journal Letters 876(1), article number: L7. (10.3847/2041-8213/ab14f1)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. All-sky search for long-duration gravitational-wave transients in the second Advanced LIGO observing run. Physical Review D 99(10), article number: 104033. (10.1103/PhysRevD.99.104033)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2019. Searches for Continuous Gravitational Waves from 15 Supernova Remnants and Fomalhaut b with Advanced LIGO. Astrophysical Journal 875(2), pp. 122., article number: 122. (10.3847/1538-4357/ab113b)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2019. Low-latency gravitational-wave alerts for multimessenger astronomy during the second advanced LIGO and virgo observing run. Astrophysical Journal 875(2), pp. 161., article number: 161. (10.3847/1538-4357/ab0e8f)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2019. Search for transient gravitational-wave signals associated with magnetar bursts during advanced LIGO's second observing run. Astrophysical Journal 874(2), pp. 163., article number: 163. (10.3847/1538-4357/ab0e15)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2019. Properties of the binary neutron star merger GW170817. Physical Review X 9(1), article number: 11001. (10.1103/PhysRevX.9.011001)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. Constraining the p-Mode-g-Mode tidal instability with GW170817. Physical Review Letters 122(6), pp. -., article number: 61104. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.061104)
• Burns, E. et al. 2019. A fermi gamma-ray burst monitor search for electromagnetic signals coincident with gravitational-wave candidates in advanced LIGO's first observing run. Astrophysical Journal 871(1), article number: 90. (10.3847/1538-4357/aaf726)
• Albert, A. et al. 2019. Search for multimessenger sources of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos with advanced LIGO during its first observing run, ANTARES, and IceCube. Astrophysical Journal 870(2), article number: 134. (10.3847/1538-4357/aaf21d)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs. Physical Review D 100(6), article number: 62001. (10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2019. Search for the isotropic stochastic background using data from Advanced LIGO's second observing run. Physical Review D 100(6) (10.1103/PhysRevD.100.061101)

2018

• Abbott, B. et al. 2018. Search for subsolar-mass ultracompact binaries in advanced LIGO's first observing Run. Physical Review Letters 121(23), pp. -., article number: 231103. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.231103)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2018. GW170817: Measurements of neutron star radii and equation of state. Physical Review Letters 121(16), article number: 161101. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.161101)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2018. Search for Tensor, Vector, and Scalar Polarizations in the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background. Physical Review Letters 120(20), pp. -., article number: 201102. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.201102)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2018. Full band all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in the O1 LIGO data. Physical Review D 97(10), article number: 102003. (10.1103/PhysRevD.97.102003)
• North, C. and Lowe, S. 2018. Cosmos: The Infographic Book of Space. Presented at: European Week of Astronomy and Space Science, Liverpool, UK, 3-6 April 2018.
• North, C. 2018. Gravitational interactions: communicating gravitational waves. Presented at: EWASS European Week of Astronomy and Space Science, Liverpool, UK, 3-6 April 2018. pp. -.
• Valtchanov, I. et al. 2018. Correcting the extended-source calibration for the Herschel-SPIRE Fourier-transform spectrometer. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 475(1), pp. 321-330. (10.1093/mnras/stx3178)
• Abbott, B. et al. 2018. GW170817: Implications for the stochastic gravitational-wave background from compact binary coalescences. Physical Review Letters 120(9) (10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.091101)

2017

• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2017. GW170608: Observation of a 19 solar-mass binary black hole coalescence. Astrophysical Journal Letters 851, article number: L35. (10.3847/2041-8213/aa9f0c)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2017. Estimating the contribution of dynamical ejecta in the kilonova associated with GW170817. Astrophysical Journal Letters 850(2), article number: L39. (10.3847/2041-8213/aa9478)
• Dorrington, I. et al. 2017. Search for high-energy neutrinos from binary neutron star merger GW170817 with ANTARES, IceCube, and the Pierre Auger Observatory. The Astrophysical Journal Letters 850(2), article number: L35. (10.3847/2041-8213/aa9aed)
• Abbott, B. P. et al. 2017. GW170814: A three-detector observation of gravitational waves from a binary black hole coalescence. Physical Review Letters 119(14), article number: 141101. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.141101)

2015

• Tinetti, G. et al. 2015. The EChO science case. Experimental Astronomy 40(2-3), pp. 329-391. (10.1007/s10686-015-9484-8)
• Lowe, S. and North, C. E. 2015. Cosmos: the infographic book of space. Aurum Press Ltd.

2014

• Ade, P. A. R. et al. 2014. Planck 2013 results. IX. HFI spectral response. Astronomy and Astrophysics 571, article number: A9. (10.1051/0004-6361/201321531)
• Tauber, J. et al. 2014. Planck 2013 results. VI. High Frequency Instrument data processing. Astronomy & Astrophysics 571, pp. A6. (10.1051/0004-6361/201321570)
• Ade, P. A. R. et al. 2014. Planck 2013 results. I. Overview of products and scientific results. Astronomy & Astrophysics 571, pp. A1. (10.1051/0004-6361/201321529)

2013

• Bendo, G. J. et al. 2013. Flux calibration of the Herschel-SPIRE photometer. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 433(4), pp. 3062-3078. (10.1093/mnras/stt948)
• Pearson, C. et al. 2013. SPIRE point source photometry: within the Herschel interactive processing environment (HIPE). Experimental Astronomy 37(2), pp. 175-194. (10.1007/s10686-013-9351-4)
• Griffin, M. J. et al. 2013. Flux calibration of broad-band far-infrared and submillimetre photometric instruments: theory and application to Herschel-SPIRE. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 434(2), pp. 992-1004. (10.1093/mnras/stt999)

2012

• North, C. E. et al. 2012. Detecting the B-mode polarisation of the CMB with Clover. Proceedings of the Rencontres de Moriond

2011

• Ade, P. A. R. et al. 2011. Planck early results. IV. First assessment of the High Frequency Instrument in-flight performance. Astronomy and Astrophysics 536, article number: A4. (10.1051/0004-6361/201116487)
• Ade, P. A. R. et al. 2011. Planck early results. VI. The High Frequency Instrument data processing. Astronomy & Astrophysics 536, article number: A6. (10.1051/0004-6361/201116462)
• Grainger, W. F., North, C. E. and Ade, P. A. R. 2011. The effect of a scanning flat fold mirror on a cosmic microwave background B-mode experiment. Review of Scientific Instruments 82(6), article number: 64502. (10.1063/1.3598342)

2010

• Grainger, W. F., Ade, P. A. R., Hargrave, P. C., Chase, S., Kiernan, B. J. and North, C. E. 2010. Thermal architecture for the Clover cryostats. Presented at: Modern Technologies in Space- and Ground-Based Telescopes and Instrumentation, San Diego, CA, USA, 27 June-2 July 2010 Presented at Atad-Ettedgui, E. and Lemke, D. eds.Modern Technologies in Space- and Ground-based Telescopes and Instrumentation (Proceedings Volume): 27 June 2010, San Diego, California, USA. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 7739. Bellingham, WA: SPIE pp. 773916., (10.1117/12.858022)
• North, C. E., Lowe, S. and Simpson, R. J. 2010. Herschel, Planck, and Chromoscope: interactive outreach activities in the UK. Presented at: Science education and outreach : forging a path to the future, Milbrae, CA, USA, 12-16 September 2009 Presented at Barnes, J. et al. eds.Science Education and Outreach: Forging a Path to the Future. Astronomical Society of the Pacific conference series Vol. 431. San Francisco, CA: Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) pp. 174-179.

2009

• Brown, M. L., Challinor, A., North, C. E., Johnson, B. R., O'Dea, D. and Sutton, D. 2009. Impact of modulation on CMB B-mode polarization experiments. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 397(2), pp. 634-656. (10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14975.x)
• Grimes, P. K. et al. 2009. Clover - Measuring the cosmic microwave background B-mode polarization. Presented at: The 20th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, Charlottesville, Virginia, 20-22 April 2009, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA, 20-22 April Presented at Bryerton, E., Kerr, A. and Lichtenberger, A. eds.Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, Charlottesville, VA, USA, April 20-22 2009. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology pp. 97-106.

2008

• Yassin, G., Grimes, P. K., King, O. G. and North, C. E. 2008. Waveguide-to-planar circuit transition for millimetre-wave detectors. Electronics letters 44(14), pp. 866-867. (10.1049/el:20081383)
• Audley, M. D. et al. 2008. Microstrip-coupled TES bolometers for CLOVER. Presented at: 19th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, Groningen, The Netherlands, 28-30 April 2008 Presented at Wild, W. ed.Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, Groningen, The Netherlands, April 28-30 2008. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology pp. 143-151.
• Piccirillo, L. et al. 2008. The CℓOVER experiment. Presented at: Millimeter and submillimeter detectors and instrumentation for astronomy IV, Marseille, France, 26-28 June 2008 Presented at Duncan, W. D. et al. eds.Millimeter and submillimeter detectors and instrumentation for astronomy IV : 26-28 June 2008, Marseille, France. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 7020. Bellingham, WA: SPIE pp. 70201E., (10.1117/12.788927)
• North, C. E. et al. 2008. Dielectric constant reduction using porous substrates in finline millimetre and submillimetre detectors. Presented at: Millimeter and Submillimeter Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy IV, Marseille, France, 26-28 June 2008 Presented at Duncan, W. D. et al. eds.Millimeter and Submillimeter Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy IV (Proceedings Volume): 26-28 June 2008, Marseille, France. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 7020. Bellingham, WA: SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering pp. G202., (10.1117/12.788479)
• Audley, M. D. et al. 2008. Performance of microstrip-coupled TES bolometers with finline transitions. Presented at: Millimeter and Submillimeter Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy IV, Marseilles, France, 26-28 June 2008 Presented at Duncan, W. D. et al. eds.Millimeter and Submillimeter Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy IV (Proceedings Volume): 26-28 June 2008, Marseille, France. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 7020. Bellingham, WA: SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering pp. M200., (10.1117/12.789076)

2007

• Audley, M. D. et al. 2007. Tests of finline-coupled TES bolometers for ClOVER. Presented at: Joint 32nd International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 2007 and the 2007 15th International Conference on Terahertz Electronics. IRMMW-THz., Cardiff, UK, 2-9 September 2007 Presented at Griffin, M. J. and Parker, T. eds.Joint 32nd International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 2007 and the 2007 15th International Conference on Terahertz Electronics. IRMMW-THz.. Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE pp. 180-181.

2006

• Grimes, P. K., Yassin, G., Kuzmin, L. S., Mauskopf, P. D., Otto, E., Jones, M. E. and North, C. E. 2006. Investigation of planar switches for large format CMB polarization instruments. Presented at: Millimeter and Submillimeter Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy III, Orlando, FL, USA, 29-31 May 2006 Presented at Zmuidzinas, S. et al. eds.Millimeter and Submillimeter Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy III (Proceedings Volume): 29 May 2006, Orlando, FL, USA. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 6275. Bellingham, WA: SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering pp. 27525., (10.1117/12.671151)