Professor Geoffrey Samuel
Teams and roles for Geoffrey Samuel
Emeritus Professor
Overview
Research Interests
Geoffrey Samuel's research extends over a number of interrelated areas within religious studies, social anthropology, comparative sociology, and cognate disciplines. Theoretically, his interests centre around an understanding of cultural processes and their effects on human behaviour, in terms which recognise the embodied character of human existence and which give proper weight to both human consciousness and biology. He is particularly interested in religion (including 'shamanism') in relation to healing, gender and ecology, including the ways in which these issues manifest in contemporary societies.
His main ethnographic focus has been on religion in Tibetan societies. His work on Tibetan religion has also extended into the social history of Indic religions more generally. Other research topics include Tibetan medicine and health practices, the anthropology of music, research on Buddhism and other new religious movements (paganism, shamanism, esotericism) in the UK and Australia, and research into Islam in the UK and Bangladesh. He has carried out extensive field research over many years in India, Nepal, Tibet, and other Asian and Western societies.
His recent research, organised through the Research Group on the Body, Health and Religion (BAHAR), focuses on the understanding of healing processes in a variety of contexts: folk healing practices in Asian societies, 'traditional' Asian medical and yogic practices aimed at healing, and Western adaptations and developments of such practices within the field of complementary and alternative medicine. This research has included two major externally-funded projects under his direction, an AHRC-funded project on Tibetan longevity practices (with Cathy Cantwell and Rob Mayer) and a Leverhulme Trust-funded project on Tibetan medicine in the Bon tradition (with Colin Millard). Currently he is involved in a Templeton Foundation-funded project on meditation-derived compassion training for nurses and other health staff in Sydney, NSW.
In 2008-11, he also took part in an ESRC-funded project on young Bangladeshis, marriage and the family in Bangladesh and the UK directed by Dr Santi Rozario.
Publication
2024
- Samuel, G. and Kozhevnikov, M. 2024. The neuroscience of tantric practice. In: Payne, R. K. and Hayes, G. A. eds. The Oxford Handbook of Tantric Studies Get access Arrow. Oxford University Press. , pp.151-174. (10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197549889.013.6)
2019
- Samuel, G. 2019. Unbalanced flows in the subtle body: Tibetan understandings of psychiatric illness and how to deal with it. Journal of Religion and Health 58 (3), pp.770–794. (10.1007/s10943-019-00774-1)
2014
- Samuel, G. 2014. Between Buddhism and Science, Between Mind and Body. Religions 5 (3), pp.560-579. (10.3390/rel5030560)
2013
- Samuel, G. B. 2013. Introduction: Medicine and healing in Tibetan societies. East Asian Science, Technology and Society 7 (3), pp.335-351. (10.1215/18752160-2333224)
- Samuel, G. B. 2013. Reb kong in the multiethnic context of Amdo: religion, language, ethnicity, and identity. In: Samuel, G. and Dhondup, D. eds. Monastic and Lay Traditions in North-Eastern Tibet. Brill's Tibetan Studies Library Leiden and Boston: Brill. , pp.5-20.
- Samuel, G. B. 2013. Subtle-body processes: Towards a non-reductionist understanding. In: Samuel, G. B. and Johnston, J. eds. Religion and the Subtle Body in Asia and the West: Between Mind and Body. Routledge Studies in Asian Religion and Philosophy London: Routledge. , pp.249-266.
- Samuel, G. B. 2013. The subtle body in India and beyond. In: Samuel, G. B. and Johnston, J. eds. Religion and the Subtle Body in Asia and the West: Between Mind and Body. Routledge Studies in Asian Religion and Philosophy London: Routledge. , pp.33-47.
- Samuel, G. B. and Johnston, J. 2013. General introduction. In: Samuel, G. and Johnston, J. eds. Religion and the Subtle Body in Asia and the West: Between Mind and Body. Routledge Studies in Asian Religion and Philosophy London: Routledge. , pp.1-1.
2012
- Rozario, S. and Samuel, G. B. 2012. Introduction: Finding Muslim partners, building Islamic lives. Culture and Religion 13 (2), pp.137-140. (10.1080/14755610.2012.675874)
- Samuel, G. B. 2012. Amitāyus and the development of tantric practices for longevity and health in Tibet. In: Keul, I. ed. Transformations and Transfer of Tantra in Asia and Beyond. Religion and Society Vol. 52.Berlin: Walter De Gruyter. , pp.263-286.
- Samuel, G. B. 2012. Editorial. Asian Medicine 7 (1), pp.i-xiv. (10.1163/15734218-12341254)
- Samuel, G. B. 2012. Introducing Tibetan Buddhism. World Religions Abingdon: Routledge.
- Samuel, G. B. 2012. Islam and the family in Bangladesh and the UK: The background to our study. Culture and Religion 13 (2), pp.141-158. (10.1080/14755610.2012.674954)
- Samuel, G. B. and Rozario, S. 2012. Sufi Spaces in urban Bangladesh: gender and modernity in contemporary shrine culture. In: Desplat, P. A. and Schultz, D. E. eds. Prayer in the City. Bielefeld, Germany: Transcript. , pp.289-309.
- Samuel, G. B. and Rozario, S. T. 2012. Young Muslim women and the Islamic family: Reflections on conflicting ideals in British Bangladesh life. In: Lovat, T. ed. Women in Islam: Reflections on Historical and Contemporary Research. Springer. , pp.25-42.
2011
- Bronkhorst, J. et al., 2011. Contextualizing the History of Yoga in Geoffrey Samuel's The Origins of Yoga and Tantra: A Review Symposium. International Journal of Hindu Studies 15 (3), pp.303-357. (10.1007/s11407-011-9107-6)
- Rozario, S. and Samuel, G. B. 2011. Introduction to special issue of Contemporary Islam: Islamic piety and gender relationships among contemporary Muslims. Contemporary Islam 5 (3), pp.219-223. (10.1007/s11562-011-0167-6)
- Samuel, G. B. 2011. Epilogue: Towards a Sowa Rigpa Sensibility. In: Adams, V. , Schrempf, M. and Craig, S. R. eds. Medicine Between Science and Religion: Explorations on Tibetan Grounds. Epistemologies of Healing Vol. 10.Oxford: Berghahn. , pp.319-334.
- Samuel, G. B. 2011. Islamic piety and masculinity. Contemporary Islam 5 (3), pp.309-322. (10.1007/s11562-011-0163-x)
2010
- Rozario, S. and Samuel, G. B. 2010. Gender, religious change and sustainability in Bangladesh. Women's Studies International Forum 33 (4), pp.354-364. (10.1016/j.wsif.2010.02.009)
- Samuel, G. B. 2010. A short history of Indo-Tibetan alchemy. Presented at: 11th International Association for Tibetan Studies Seminar Königswinter, Germany 27 August-2 September 2006. Published in: Craig, S. et al., Studies of Medical Pluralism in Tibetan History and Society [PIATS 2006: Proceedings of the Eleventh Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies. Königswinter 2006]. Beiträge zur Zentralasienforschung Vol. 18. Halle (Saale): International Institute for Tibetan and Buddhist Studies GmbH. , pp.221-234.
- Samuel, G. B. 2010. Healing, Efficacy and the Spirits. Journal of Ritual Studies 24 (2), pp.7-20.
- Samuel, G. B. 2010. Inner work and the connection between anthropological and psychological analysis. In: Chaniotis, A. et al., Body, Performance, Agency and Experience. Ritual Dynamics and the Science of Ritual Vol. 2.Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. , pp.299-314.
- Samuel, G. B. 2010. Possession and self-possession: Towards an integrated mind-body perspective. In: Schmidt, B. E. and Huskinson, L. eds. Spirit Possession and Trance: New Interdisciplinary Perspectives. Bloomsbury Advances in Religious Studies Vol. 7.London: Continuum. , pp.35-52.
- Samuel, G. B. 2010. Preface. Presented at: 11th International Association for Tibetan Studies Seminar Königswinter, Germany 27 August-2 September 2006. Published in: Craig, S. et al., Studies of Medical Pluralism in Tibetan History and Society [PIATS 2006: Proceedings of the Eleventh Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies. Königswinter 2006]. Beiträge zur Zentralasienforschung Vol. 18. Halle (Saale): International Institute for Tibetan and Buddhist Studies GmbH. , pp.7-11.
- Samuel, G. B. and Rozario, S. 2010. Contesting science for Islam: the media as a source of revisionist knowledge in the lives of young Bangladeshis. Contemporary South Asia 18 (4), pp.427-441. (10.1080/09584935.2010.526196)
- Samuel, G. B. and Rozario, S. 2010. From village religion to global networks: Women, religious nationalism and sustainability in South and Southeast Asia. Women's Studies International Forum 33 (4), pp.301-304. (10.1016/j.wsif.2010.02.003)
2009
- Samuel, G. B. 2009. Autism and Meditation: Some reflections. Journal of Religion, Disability and Health 13 (2), pp.85-93. (10.1080/15228960802581487)
2008
- Samuel, G. B. 2008. Asian medicine and globalization [Book Review]. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 14 (2), pp.447-448. (10.1111/j.1467-9655.2008.00511_16.x)
- Samuel, G. B. 2008. Possession and Self-Possession: Spirit Healing, Tantric Meditation and āveśa. Diskus 9
- Samuel, G. B. 2008. The origins of yoga and tantra: Indic religions to the thirteenth century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Samuel, G. B. 2008. The Politics of Tibetan Medicine and the Constitution of an Object of Study: Some Comments. In: Pordié, L. ed. Tibetan Medicine in the Contemporary World: Global Politics of Medical Knowledge and Practice. Needham Research Institute Series Abingdon: Routledge. , pp.251-266.
- Samuel, G. B. 2008. Women in Tibet [Book Review]. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 14 (2), pp.456-458. (10.1111/j.1467-9655.2008.00511_24.x)
2006
- Samuel, G. B. 2006. Healing and the mind-body complex: childbirth and medical pluralism in South Asia. In: Helle, J. and Imre, L. eds. Multiple Medical Realities: Patients and Healers in Biomedical, Alternative and Traditional Medicine. Berghahn. , pp.121-135.
2005
- Samuel, G. B. 2005. Tantric revisionings: new understandings of Tibetan Buddhism and Indian religion. Motilal Banarsidass; Ashgate.
2001
- Samuel, G. B. 2001. Tibetan medicine in contemporary India: theory and practice. In: Linda, H. C. and Geoffrey, S. eds. Healing Powers and Modernity in Asian Societies: Traditional Medicine, Shamanism, and Science in Asian Societies. Bergin and Garvey. , pp.247-273.
Articles
- Bronkhorst, J. et al., 2011. Contextualizing the History of Yoga in Geoffrey Samuel's The Origins of Yoga and Tantra: A Review Symposium. International Journal of Hindu Studies 15 (3), pp.303-357. (10.1007/s11407-011-9107-6)
- Rozario, S. and Samuel, G. B. 2010. Gender, religious change and sustainability in Bangladesh. Women's Studies International Forum 33 (4), pp.354-364. (10.1016/j.wsif.2010.02.009)
- Rozario, S. and Samuel, G. B. 2012. Introduction: Finding Muslim partners, building Islamic lives. Culture and Religion 13 (2), pp.137-140. (10.1080/14755610.2012.675874)
- Rozario, S. and Samuel, G. B. 2011. Introduction to special issue of Contemporary Islam: Islamic piety and gender relationships among contemporary Muslims. Contemporary Islam 5 (3), pp.219-223. (10.1007/s11562-011-0167-6)
- Samuel, G. 2014. Between Buddhism and Science, Between Mind and Body. Religions 5 (3), pp.560-579. (10.3390/rel5030560)
- Samuel, G. 2019. Unbalanced flows in the subtle body: Tibetan understandings of psychiatric illness and how to deal with it. Journal of Religion and Health 58 (3), pp.770–794. (10.1007/s10943-019-00774-1)
- Samuel, G. B. 2008. Asian medicine and globalization [Book Review]. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 14 (2), pp.447-448. (10.1111/j.1467-9655.2008.00511_16.x)
- Samuel, G. B. 2009. Autism and Meditation: Some reflections. Journal of Religion, Disability and Health 13 (2), pp.85-93. (10.1080/15228960802581487)
- Samuel, G. B. 2012. Editorial. Asian Medicine 7 (1), pp.i-xiv. (10.1163/15734218-12341254)
- Samuel, G. B. 2010. Healing, Efficacy and the Spirits. Journal of Ritual Studies 24 (2), pp.7-20.
- Samuel, G. B. 2013. Introduction: Medicine and healing in Tibetan societies. East Asian Science, Technology and Society 7 (3), pp.335-351. (10.1215/18752160-2333224)
- Samuel, G. B. 2012. Islam and the family in Bangladesh and the UK: The background to our study. Culture and Religion 13 (2), pp.141-158. (10.1080/14755610.2012.674954)
- Samuel, G. B. 2011. Islamic piety and masculinity. Contemporary Islam 5 (3), pp.309-322. (10.1007/s11562-011-0163-x)
- Samuel, G. B. 2008. Possession and Self-Possession: Spirit Healing, Tantric Meditation and āveśa. Diskus 9
- Samuel, G. B. 2008. Women in Tibet [Book Review]. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 14 (2), pp.456-458. (10.1111/j.1467-9655.2008.00511_24.x)
- Samuel, G. B. and Rozario, S. 2010. Contesting science for Islam: the media as a source of revisionist knowledge in the lives of young Bangladeshis. Contemporary South Asia 18 (4), pp.427-441. (10.1080/09584935.2010.526196)
- Samuel, G. B. and Rozario, S. 2010. From village religion to global networks: Women, religious nationalism and sustainability in South and Southeast Asia. Women's Studies International Forum 33 (4), pp.301-304. (10.1016/j.wsif.2010.02.003)
Book sections
- Samuel, G. and Kozhevnikov, M. 2024. The neuroscience of tantric practice. In: Payne, R. K. and Hayes, G. A. eds. The Oxford Handbook of Tantric Studies Get access Arrow. Oxford University Press. , pp.151-174. (10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197549889.013.6)
- Samuel, G. B. 2012. Amitāyus and the development of tantric practices for longevity and health in Tibet. In: Keul, I. ed. Transformations and Transfer of Tantra in Asia and Beyond. Religion and Society Vol. 52.Berlin: Walter De Gruyter. , pp.263-286.
- Samuel, G. B. 2011. Epilogue: Towards a Sowa Rigpa Sensibility. In: Adams, V. , Schrempf, M. and Craig, S. R. eds. Medicine Between Science and Religion: Explorations on Tibetan Grounds. Epistemologies of Healing Vol. 10.Oxford: Berghahn. , pp.319-334.
- Samuel, G. B. 2006. Healing and the mind-body complex: childbirth and medical pluralism in South Asia. In: Helle, J. and Imre, L. eds. Multiple Medical Realities: Patients and Healers in Biomedical, Alternative and Traditional Medicine. Berghahn. , pp.121-135.
- Samuel, G. B. 2010. Inner work and the connection between anthropological and psychological analysis. In: Chaniotis, A. et al., Body, Performance, Agency and Experience. Ritual Dynamics and the Science of Ritual Vol. 2.Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. , pp.299-314.
- Samuel, G. B. 2010. Possession and self-possession: Towards an integrated mind-body perspective. In: Schmidt, B. E. and Huskinson, L. eds. Spirit Possession and Trance: New Interdisciplinary Perspectives. Bloomsbury Advances in Religious Studies Vol. 7.London: Continuum. , pp.35-52.
- Samuel, G. B. 2013. Reb kong in the multiethnic context of Amdo: religion, language, ethnicity, and identity. In: Samuel, G. and Dhondup, D. eds. Monastic and Lay Traditions in North-Eastern Tibet. Brill's Tibetan Studies Library Leiden and Boston: Brill. , pp.5-20.
- Samuel, G. B. 2013. Subtle-body processes: Towards a non-reductionist understanding. In: Samuel, G. B. and Johnston, J. eds. Religion and the Subtle Body in Asia and the West: Between Mind and Body. Routledge Studies in Asian Religion and Philosophy London: Routledge. , pp.249-266.
- Samuel, G. B. 2008. The Politics of Tibetan Medicine and the Constitution of an Object of Study: Some Comments. In: Pordié, L. ed. Tibetan Medicine in the Contemporary World: Global Politics of Medical Knowledge and Practice. Needham Research Institute Series Abingdon: Routledge. , pp.251-266.
- Samuel, G. B. 2013. The subtle body in India and beyond. In: Samuel, G. B. and Johnston, J. eds. Religion and the Subtle Body in Asia and the West: Between Mind and Body. Routledge Studies in Asian Religion and Philosophy London: Routledge. , pp.33-47.
- Samuel, G. B. 2001. Tibetan medicine in contemporary India: theory and practice. In: Linda, H. C. and Geoffrey, S. eds. Healing Powers and Modernity in Asian Societies: Traditional Medicine, Shamanism, and Science in Asian Societies. Bergin and Garvey. , pp.247-273.
- Samuel, G. B. and Johnston, J. 2013. General introduction. In: Samuel, G. and Johnston, J. eds. Religion and the Subtle Body in Asia and the West: Between Mind and Body. Routledge Studies in Asian Religion and Philosophy London: Routledge. , pp.1-1.
- Samuel, G. B. and Rozario, S. 2012. Sufi Spaces in urban Bangladesh: gender and modernity in contemporary shrine culture. In: Desplat, P. A. and Schultz, D. E. eds. Prayer in the City. Bielefeld, Germany: Transcript. , pp.289-309.
- Samuel, G. B. and Rozario, S. T. 2012. Young Muslim women and the Islamic family: Reflections on conflicting ideals in British Bangladesh life. In: Lovat, T. ed. Women in Islam: Reflections on Historical and Contemporary Research. Springer. , pp.25-42.
Books
- Samuel, G. B. 2012. Introducing Tibetan Buddhism. World Religions Abingdon: Routledge.
- Samuel, G. B. 2005. Tantric revisionings: new understandings of Tibetan Buddhism and Indian religion. Motilal Banarsidass; Ashgate.
- Samuel, G. B. 2008. The origins of yoga and tantra: Indic religions to the thirteenth century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Conferences
- Samuel, G. B. 2010. A short history of Indo-Tibetan alchemy. Presented at: 11th International Association for Tibetan Studies Seminar Königswinter, Germany 27 August-2 September 2006. Published in: Craig, S. et al., Studies of Medical Pluralism in Tibetan History and Society [PIATS 2006: Proceedings of the Eleventh Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies. Königswinter 2006]. Beiträge zur Zentralasienforschung Vol. 18. Halle (Saale): International Institute for Tibetan and Buddhist Studies GmbH. , pp.221-234.
- Samuel, G. B. 2010. Preface. Presented at: 11th International Association for Tibetan Studies Seminar Königswinter, Germany 27 August-2 September 2006. Published in: Craig, S. et al., Studies of Medical Pluralism in Tibetan History and Society [PIATS 2006: Proceedings of the Eleventh Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies. Königswinter 2006]. Beiträge zur Zentralasienforschung Vol. 18. Halle (Saale): International Institute for Tibetan and Buddhist Studies GmbH. , pp.7-11.
Biography
Education and qualifications
- Leeds Grammar School, 1954-1963
- University College, Oxford, 1964-1967
- BA, Natural Science (physics), Oxford 1967
- Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1967-75.
- Part III, Mathematical Tripos (theoretical physics), Cambridge 1968
- Certificate in Social Anthropology, Cambridge 1969
- PhD, Social Anthropology, Cambridge 1975
- University of Newcastle, NSW, 1983-84 (part-time)
- Postgraduate Diploma of Computer Science, University of Newcastle, NSW, 1985
Career overview
Geoffrey Samuel's academic background is in physics, social anthropology and Buddhist studies. His PhD (Cambridge 1976) was on Tibetan religion and society, and based on field research with Tibetans in Nepal and India in 1971-72. Subsequent fieldwork, focussing on religion and on medical and health practices, has included several further research trips to India, Nepal, Tibet and Bhutan, and shorter visits to other Asian societies. His academic career has included periods in UK, New Zealand and Australia. He is currently President of the International Association for the Study of Asian Traditional Medicine (IASTAM) and was joint editor of the Association's journal, Asian Medicine: Tradition and Modernity from 2007 to 2012.
He was appointed to a Professorial Fellowship at Cardiff in 2007, later converted to a standard Professorial position. He retired at the end of 2014 and now lives in Sydney, Australia, where he continues to write, carry out research and supervise postgraduate students.
Honours and awards
- Wilde Lectureship in Natural and Comparative Religion, University of Oxford, 2002-3
- Leverhulme Visiting Professorship, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 2003-4
- University Buddhist Education Foundation Visiting Professor in Buddhist Studies, University of Sydney, 2010
- Tung Lin Kok Yuen Visiting Professor in Buddhist Studies, Department of Humanities, University of Toronto Scarborough, 2012-13
- Numata Visiting Professor in Buddhist Studies, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, 2017.
Professional memberships
- International Association for the Study of Traditional Asian Medicine (IASTAM), President
- International Association for Tibetan Studies (IATS), Board Member
- Royal Anthropological Institute
- Association of Social Anthropologists (U.K.)
- Australian Anthropological Society
- American Anthropological Association
- American Academy of Religion