Dr Andrew Crayford
Reader
- CrayfordAP1@cardiff.ac.uk
- +44 29208 76043
- Queen's Buildings - South Building, Room S2.08, 5 The Parade, Newport Road, Cardiff, CF24 3AA
Overview
Andrew graduated from Cardiff School of Engineering with a MEng in Mechanical Engineering (2000), completing his, BP sponsored, PhD (2004) in Fundamental Combustion investigating the suppression of Methane Explosions using water in the form of fine mists as a sustainable alternative to conventional techniques. Following his studies, he was awarded a Research Fellowship which was undertaken at Cardiff’s School of Engineering’s Gas Turbine Research Centre, where he was responsible for the development and operation of the test facilities emission measurement systems. During this time, he was tasked by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) to design, commission and operate the European non-volatile Particulate Matter (nvPM) reference system towards the development of a new global regulation which was subsequently adopted by ICAO in 2020.
In 2013 Andrew was awarded a lectureship, at Cardiff School of Engineering, and was attained a readership post in 2020. In the area of fundamental combustion and explosion hazards - Andrew has worked with numerous companies including BP, BP-Amaco, GexCon, HSE etc. with research contracts totalling >£350k to 2020. Andrew is actively involved in emissions measurements and the regulation of civil aviation engines, currently serving as the Vice-Chair and Secretary for the SAE E31 International Technical Aircraft Engine Gas and Particulate Emissions Measurement Committee whilst also being a member of the ICAO WG3 and acting as an advisor to EASA.
Between 2008-2014, Andrew Co-lead the delivery of the EASA funded SAMPLE (1-3) research programmes with Rolls-Royce and DLR (Germany), towards the development of a new international nvPM regulatory standard. The seven research contracts, which totalled €2.5M in funding from EASA, were completed in collaboration with global research organisations (MS&T (US), EMPA (Switzerland), ONERA (France), NRC (Canada)). Since this time Andrew has continued this work having led the emissions measurement work packages in the European funded DG-MOVE programme (€2M) in conjunction with NLR (Holland), Rolls-Royce (UK) & SAFRAN (France).
In 2019, Andrew was made Work Package lead for On-Wing measurements and Emissions Measurements in the 4-year EU H2020 AVIATOR (€5M) and 2-year Cleansky 2 RAPTOR (€1M) multinational research programmes, working in conjunction with Rolls-Royce, DLR, INTA (Spain), ONERA, ENVISA (France) with EASA also awarding the four-year (€1M) framework research contract SAMPLE 4 in 2021. He is also working in conjunction with Cambridge University, Oxford University, Rolls-Royce and Dantec in the delivery of the EPSRC (EP/T030623/1) LIGS programme, towards the development of new non-intrusive in-flame temperature measurement methodologies (2020-23).
During the recent pandemic Andrew repurposed his laboratory and aerosol science expertise to study the effectiveness of current respiratory PPE in filtering nanoparticles. He is working in conjunction with local PPE manufacturers and testing new filtration materials under Welsh Ser-Cymru III funding programmes, with the aim of expanding this research area.
Publication
2024
- Smith, L. D., Harper, J., Durand, E., Crayford, A., Johnson, M., Coe, H. and Williams, P. I. 2024. Examination of the influence of alternative fuels on particulate matter properties emitted from a non-proprietary combustor. Atmosphere 15(3), article number: 308. (10.3390/atmos15030308)
2023
- Durand, E. et al. 2023. Correction for particle Loss in a regulatory aviation nvPM emissions system using measured particle size. Journal of Aerosol Science 169, article number: 106140. (10.1016/j.jaerosci.2023.106140)
- Kovaleva, M. et al. 2023. The impact of soret diffusion on the product gas characteristics of premixed laminar ammonia/hydrogen/air flames stabilised in a stagnation flow. Presented at: 14th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, Kaohsuing, Taiwan, 14 -18 May 2023Proceedings of the 14th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion.
2022
- Harper, J., Durand, E., Bowen, P., Pugh, D., Johnson, M. and Crayford, A. 2022. Influence of alternative fuel properties and combustor operating conditions on the nvPM and gaseous emissions produced by a small-scale RQL combustor. Fuel 315, article number: 123045. (10.1016/j.fuel.2021.123045)
- Zitouni, S., Pugh, D., Crayford, A., Bowen, P. J. and Runyon, J. 2022. Lewis number effects on lean premixed combustion characteristics of multi-component fuel blends. Combustion and Flame 238, article number: 111932. (10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111932)
- Smith, L. D. et al. 2022. Examining chemical composition of gas turbine-emitted organic aerosol using positive matrix factorisation (PMF). Journal of Aerosol Science 159, article number: 105869. (10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105869)
2021
- Durand, E., Lobo, P., Crayford, A., Sevcenco, Y. and Christie, S. 2021. Impact of fuel hydrogen content on non-volatile particulate matter emitted from an aircraft auxiliary power unit measured with standardised reference systems. Fuel 287, article number: 119637. (10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119637)
2020
- Pascoe, M. J. et al. 2020. Dry heat and microwave generated steam protocols for the rapid decontamination of respiratory personal protective equipment in response to COVID-19-related shortages. Journal of Hospital Infection 106(1), pp. 10-19. (10.1016/j.jhin.2020.07.008)
- Lobo, P. et al. 2020. Comparison of standardized sampling and measurement reference systems for aircraft engine non-volatile particulate matter emissions. Journal of Aerosol Science 145, article number: 105557. (10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105557)
- Crayford, A., Bowen, P., Durand, E., Pugh, D., Sevcenco, Y. and Johnson, M. 2020. Influence of humidity and fuel hydrogen content on ultrafine non-volatile particulate matter formation in RQL gas turbine technology.. Presented at: Turbomachinery Technical Conference & Exposition (TURBO EXPO 2020), London, England, 22-26 June 2020.
- Durand, E. F., Crayford, A. P. and Johnson, M. 2020. Experimental validation of thermophoretic and bend nanoparticle loss for a regulatory prescribed aircraft nvPM sampling system. Aerosol Science and Technology 54(9), pp. 1019-1033. (10.1080/02786826.2020.1756212)
2019
- Crayford, A. P., Lacan, F., Runyon, J., Bowen, P. J., Balwadkar, S., Harper, J. and Pugh, D. G. 2019. Manufacture, characterization and stability limits of an AM prefilming air-blast atomizer. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, Phoenix, AZ, USA, 17-21 June 2019Turbo Expo: Power for Land, Sea and Air. Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions. ASME, (10.1115/GT2019-91624)
2018
- Upadhyay, A. et al. 2018. A new RAM normalized 1f-WMS technique for the measurement of gas parameters in harsh environments and a comparison with 2f/1f. IEEE Photonics Journal 10(6), article number: 6804611. (10.1109/JPHOT.2018.2883548)
- Pugh, D., Bowen, P., Crayford, A., Marsh, R., Runyon, J., Morris, S. and Giles, A. 2018. Catalytic influence of water vapor on lean blowoff and NOx reduction for pressurised swirling syngas flames. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 140(6), article number: 61502. (10.1115/1.4038417)
2017
- Olfert, J. S. et al. 2017. Effective density and volatility of particles sampled from a helicopter gas turbine engine. Aerosol Science and Technology 51(6), pp. 704-714. (10.1080/02786826.2017.1292346)
- Pugh, D. G. et al. 2017. Dissociative influence of H2O vapour/spray on lean blowoff and NOx reduction for heavily carbonaceous syngas swirling flames. Combustion and Flame 177, pp. 37-48. (10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.11.010)
- Giles, A. P., Kay, P. J., Mouzakitis, K., Bowen, P. J. and Crayford, A. P. 2017. On flammability hazards from pressurised high-flashpoint liquid releases. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 46, pp. 185-194. (10.1016/j.jlp.2017.01.024)
- Pugh, D., Bowen, P., Crayford, A., Marsh, R., Runyon, J., Morris, S. and Giles, A. 2017. Catalytic influence of water vapor on lean blowoff and NOx reduction for pressurised swirling syngas flames. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, North Carolina, USA, 26-30 June 2017Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions. ASME pp. V04BT04A033., (10.1115/GT2017-64609)
2016
- Pugh, D. G., Crayford, A. P., Bowen, P. J. and Al-Naama, M. 2016. Parametric investigation of water loading on heavily carbonaceous syngases. Combustion and Flame 164, pp. 126-136. (10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.11.009)
2015
- Johnson, T. J. et al. 2015. Effective density and mass-mobility exponent of aircraft turbine particulate matter. Journal of Propulsion and Power 51(6), pp. 1309-1319. (10.2514/1.B35367)
2014
- Pugh, D., Crayford, A. P., Bowen, P. J., O'Doherty, T., Marsh, R. and Steer, J. 2014. Laminar flame speed and markstein length characterisation of steelworks gas blends. Applied Energy 136, pp. 1026-1034. (10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.04.044)
- Crayford, A. P., Johnson, M. P., Sevcenco, Y. A., Williams, P. I., Madden, P., Marsh, R. and Bowen, P. J. 2014. SAMPLE III SC.05 - Studying, sampling and measuring of Aircraft ParticuLate Emissions III: Specific Contract 05. Technical Report.
- Walters, D. M., Sevcenco, Y. A., Crayford, A. P., Marsh, R., Bowen, P. J., Johnson, M. P. and Williams, P. I. 2014. Differential mobility spectrometer particle emission analysis for multiple aviation gas turbine engine exhausts at high and low power conditions and a simulated gas turbine engine exhaust. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Düsseldorf, Germany, 16–20 June 2014Conference Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Vol. 4B. Combustion, Fuels and Emissions New York: ASME, (10.1115/GT2014-26902)
- Pugh, D., Crayford, A. P., Bowen, P. J., O'Doherty, T. and Marsh, R. 2014. Variation in laminar burning velocity and Markstein length with water addition for industrially produced syngases. Presented at: urbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Dusseldorf, Germany, 16-20 June 2014ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition: Volume 4A: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions. ASME pp. V04AT04A030., (10.1115/GT2014-25455)
2013
- Pugh, D., O'Doherty, T., Griffiths, A. J., Bowen, P. J., Crayford, A. P. and Marsh, R. 2013. Sensitivity to change in laminar burning velocity and Markstein length resulting from variable hydrogen fraction in blast furnace gas for changing ambient conditions. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 38(8), pp. 3459-3470. (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.12.081)
- Bagdanavicius, A., Bowen, P. J., Syred, N. and Crayford, A. P. 2013. Turbulent Flame Structure of Methane-Hydrogen Mixtures at Elevated Temperature and Pressure. Combustion Science and Technology 185(2), pp. 350-361. (10.1080/00102202.2012.718005)
2012
- Abdulsada, M. H., Syred, N., Bowen, P. J., O'Doherty, T., Griffiths, A. J., Marsh, R. and Crayford, A. P. 2012. Effect of exhaust confinement and fuel type upon the blowoff limits and fuel switching ability of swirl combustors. Applied Thermal Engineering 48, pp. 426-435. (10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.04.042)
- Crayford, A. P. et al. 2012. SAMPLE III SC.02 - Studying, sampling and measuring of Aircraft ParticuLate Emissions III: Specific Contract 02. Technical Report.
- Sevcenco, Y. A., Walters, D. M., Crayford, A. P., Marsh, R., Bowen, P. J. and Johnson, M. P. 2012. Evaluation of Transport Line Effects on PM Size Distribution for Aircraft Exhaust for Different Flow Regimes and Dilution Methodology. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Copenhagen, Denmark, 11-15 June 2012ASME Turbo Expo 2012 Volume 2: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B. New York, NY: ASME pp. 1125-1133., (10.1115/GT2012-69498)
- De La Rosa Urbalejo, D., Crayford, A. P., Bowen, P. J. and Valera Medina, A. 2012. Influence of ambient conditions on laminar burning velocity, ignition and flame extinction for ethanol air mixtures. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2012, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 2012Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B Copenhagen, Denmark, June 11–15, 2012, Vol. 2. New York, N.Y.: ASME pp. 273-283., (10.1115/GT2012-68399)
- Pugh, D. et al. 2012. Laminar burning velocity and Markstein length characterisation of compositionally dynamic blast furnace gas. Presented at: Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Copenhagen, Denmark, 11-15 June 2012ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition Volume 2: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B. ASME pp. 1257-1266., (10.1115/GT2012-69667)
2011
- Valera Medina, A., Syred, N., Bowen, P. J. and Crayford, A. P. 2011. Studies of swirl burner characteristics, flame lengths and relative pressure amplitudes. Journal of Fluids Engineering 133(10), article number: 101302. (10.1115/1.4004908)
- Bagdanavicius, A., Bowen, P. J., Syred, N. and Crayford, A. P. 2011. Turbulent flame structure of methane-hydrogen mixtures at elevated temperature and pressure. Presented at: Fifth European Combustion Meeting (ECM 2011), Cardiff, UK, 29 June - 1 July 2011.
- Petzold, A. et al. 2011. Evaluation of methods for measuring particulate matter emissions from gas turbines. Environmental Science & Technology 45(8), pp. 3562-3568. (10.1021/es103969v)
2010
- Sevcenco, Y. A., Crayford, A. P., Marsh, R., Bowen, P. J., Miller, M. N. and Johnson, M. P. 2010. Evaluation of a particulate sampling methodology from a gas turbine exhaust using real-time size and number analysis at simulated aircraft conditions. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air, Glasgow, UK, 14-18 June 2010ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air Volume 2: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B. ASME pp. 1113-1124., (10.1115/GT2010-23415)
- Bagdanavicius, A., Bowen, P. J., Syred, N., Kay, P. J., Crayford, A. P., Wood, J. and Sims, G. 2010. Burning velocities of alternative gaseous fuels at elevated temperature and pressure. AIAA Journal 48(2), pp. 317-329. (10.2514/1.43225)
- Konstantinov, D., Marsh, R., Bowen, P. J. and Crayford, A. P. 2010. Effervescent Atomisation for Industrial Energy - Technology Review. Journal of Atomisation and Sprays 20(6), pp. 525-552. (10.1615/AtomizSpr.v20.i6)
- Bagdanavicius, A., Shelil, N., Bowen, P. J., Syred, N. and Crayford, A. P. 2010. Investigations of gaseous alternative fuels at atmospheric and elevated temperature and pressure conditions. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2010, Glasgow, UK.
- Crayford, A. P., Kay, P. J., Bowen, P. J. and Laget, H. 2010. Comparison of Gas-Oil and Bio-Oil Spray Performance for Use in a Gas Turbine. Presented at: ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers Turbo Expo 2010, Glasgow, UK. Vol. GT2010.
2009
- Bagdanavicius, A. et al. 2009. Burning velocities of CH4, CH4-CO2 and CH4-h2 mixtures at high temperatures and pressures. Presented at: 47th Aerospace Sciences meeting, Orlando, USA. Vol. AIAA-2.
- Bowen, P. J. et al. 2009. GTRC, First year contribution to progress in combustion and energy systems. Presented at: IFRF 16th Members Conference, Boston, USA.
2008
- Sims, G. J., Mistry, S. L., Wood, J. P., Bowen, P. J. and Crayford, A. P. 2008. A study into the auto-ignition characteristics of hydrocarbon fuels with application to gas turbines. Presented at: 2008 ASME Turbo Expo,, Berlin, Germany, June 9-13 2008Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2008, Vol. 3. New York, NY: American Society of Mechanical Engineers pp. 625-634.
- Wedlock, M. et al. 2008. Detailed internal measurements of a SIEMENS combustor operating at gas turbine relevant conditions. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo, Berlin, Germany, 9-13 JuneProceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo (GT2008) (Berlin, Germany), Vol. 3. New York: America Society of Mechanical Engineers pp. 575-582., (10.1115/GT2008-50790)
2007
- Crayford, A. P., Kay, P. J., Bowen, P. J., Morris, S. M., Syred, N. and Roberts, P. A. 2007. Burning rate characterisation studies of alternative fuels in cloud chambers, stationary flames and new gas turbine combustion facilities. Presented at: 15th IFRF International Flame Research Foundation Members Conference, Pisa, Italy, 13-15 June 2007.
2004
- Crayford, A. P. 2004. Suppression of methane-air explosions with water in the form of 'fine' mists. PhD Thesis, Cardiff University.
2003
- Crayford, A. P., Bowen, P. J., Coughlin, A., Kwon, S. I., Tizzano, G. and Griffiths, A. J. 2003. Characterisation of mist generation through cloud chamber technology. Presented at: ICLASS International Conference of Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems 2003, Sorrento, Italy, 2003.
2001
- Crayford, A. P. and Bowen, P. J. 2001. Water mitigation of gaseous explosions. Presented at: 30th UKELG United Kingdom Explosion Liaison Group Meeting, Kingston, UK.
Cynadleddau
- Kovaleva, M. et al. 2023. The impact of soret diffusion on the product gas characteristics of premixed laminar ammonia/hydrogen/air flames stabilised in a stagnation flow. Presented at: 14th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, Kaohsuing, Taiwan, 14 -18 May 2023Proceedings of the 14th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion.
- Crayford, A., Bowen, P., Durand, E., Pugh, D., Sevcenco, Y. and Johnson, M. 2020. Influence of humidity and fuel hydrogen content on ultrafine non-volatile particulate matter formation in RQL gas turbine technology.. Presented at: Turbomachinery Technical Conference & Exposition (TURBO EXPO 2020), London, England, 22-26 June 2020.
- Crayford, A. P., Lacan, F., Runyon, J., Bowen, P. J., Balwadkar, S., Harper, J. and Pugh, D. G. 2019. Manufacture, characterization and stability limits of an AM prefilming air-blast atomizer. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, Phoenix, AZ, USA, 17-21 June 2019Turbo Expo: Power for Land, Sea and Air. Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions. ASME, (10.1115/GT2019-91624)
- Pugh, D., Bowen, P., Crayford, A., Marsh, R., Runyon, J., Morris, S. and Giles, A. 2017. Catalytic influence of water vapor on lean blowoff and NOx reduction for pressurised swirling syngas flames. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, North Carolina, USA, 26-30 June 2017Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions. ASME pp. V04BT04A033., (10.1115/GT2017-64609)
- Walters, D. M., Sevcenco, Y. A., Crayford, A. P., Marsh, R., Bowen, P. J., Johnson, M. P. and Williams, P. I. 2014. Differential mobility spectrometer particle emission analysis for multiple aviation gas turbine engine exhausts at high and low power conditions and a simulated gas turbine engine exhaust. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Düsseldorf, Germany, 16–20 June 2014Conference Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Vol. 4B. Combustion, Fuels and Emissions New York: ASME, (10.1115/GT2014-26902)
- Pugh, D., Crayford, A. P., Bowen, P. J., O'Doherty, T. and Marsh, R. 2014. Variation in laminar burning velocity and Markstein length with water addition for industrially produced syngases. Presented at: urbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Dusseldorf, Germany, 16-20 June 2014ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition: Volume 4A: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions. ASME pp. V04AT04A030., (10.1115/GT2014-25455)
- Sevcenco, Y. A., Walters, D. M., Crayford, A. P., Marsh, R., Bowen, P. J. and Johnson, M. P. 2012. Evaluation of Transport Line Effects on PM Size Distribution for Aircraft Exhaust for Different Flow Regimes and Dilution Methodology. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Copenhagen, Denmark, 11-15 June 2012ASME Turbo Expo 2012 Volume 2: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B. New York, NY: ASME pp. 1125-1133., (10.1115/GT2012-69498)
- De La Rosa Urbalejo, D., Crayford, A. P., Bowen, P. J. and Valera Medina, A. 2012. Influence of ambient conditions on laminar burning velocity, ignition and flame extinction for ethanol air mixtures. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2012, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 2012Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B Copenhagen, Denmark, June 11–15, 2012, Vol. 2. New York, N.Y.: ASME pp. 273-283., (10.1115/GT2012-68399)
- Pugh, D. et al. 2012. Laminar burning velocity and Markstein length characterisation of compositionally dynamic blast furnace gas. Presented at: Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, Copenhagen, Denmark, 11-15 June 2012ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition Volume 2: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B. ASME pp. 1257-1266., (10.1115/GT2012-69667)
- Bagdanavicius, A., Bowen, P. J., Syred, N. and Crayford, A. P. 2011. Turbulent flame structure of methane-hydrogen mixtures at elevated temperature and pressure. Presented at: Fifth European Combustion Meeting (ECM 2011), Cardiff, UK, 29 June - 1 July 2011.
- Sevcenco, Y. A., Crayford, A. P., Marsh, R., Bowen, P. J., Miller, M. N. and Johnson, M. P. 2010. Evaluation of a particulate sampling methodology from a gas turbine exhaust using real-time size and number analysis at simulated aircraft conditions. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air, Glasgow, UK, 14-18 June 2010ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air Volume 2: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions, Parts A and B. ASME pp. 1113-1124., (10.1115/GT2010-23415)
- Bagdanavicius, A., Shelil, N., Bowen, P. J., Syred, N. and Crayford, A. P. 2010. Investigations of gaseous alternative fuels at atmospheric and elevated temperature and pressure conditions. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo 2010, Glasgow, UK.
- Crayford, A. P., Kay, P. J., Bowen, P. J. and Laget, H. 2010. Comparison of Gas-Oil and Bio-Oil Spray Performance for Use in a Gas Turbine. Presented at: ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers Turbo Expo 2010, Glasgow, UK. Vol. GT2010.
- Bagdanavicius, A. et al. 2009. Burning velocities of CH4, CH4-CO2 and CH4-h2 mixtures at high temperatures and pressures. Presented at: 47th Aerospace Sciences meeting, Orlando, USA. Vol. AIAA-2.
- Bowen, P. J. et al. 2009. GTRC, First year contribution to progress in combustion and energy systems. Presented at: IFRF 16th Members Conference, Boston, USA.
- Sims, G. J., Mistry, S. L., Wood, J. P., Bowen, P. J. and Crayford, A. P. 2008. A study into the auto-ignition characteristics of hydrocarbon fuels with application to gas turbines. Presented at: 2008 ASME Turbo Expo,, Berlin, Germany, June 9-13 2008Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2008, Vol. 3. New York, NY: American Society of Mechanical Engineers pp. 625-634.
- Wedlock, M. et al. 2008. Detailed internal measurements of a SIEMENS combustor operating at gas turbine relevant conditions. Presented at: ASME Turbo Expo, Berlin, Germany, 9-13 JuneProceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo (GT2008) (Berlin, Germany), Vol. 3. New York: America Society of Mechanical Engineers pp. 575-582., (10.1115/GT2008-50790)
- Crayford, A. P., Kay, P. J., Bowen, P. J., Morris, S. M., Syred, N. and Roberts, P. A. 2007. Burning rate characterisation studies of alternative fuels in cloud chambers, stationary flames and new gas turbine combustion facilities. Presented at: 15th IFRF International Flame Research Foundation Members Conference, Pisa, Italy, 13-15 June 2007.
- Crayford, A. P., Bowen, P. J., Coughlin, A., Kwon, S. I., Tizzano, G. and Griffiths, A. J. 2003. Characterisation of mist generation through cloud chamber technology. Presented at: ICLASS International Conference of Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems 2003, Sorrento, Italy, 2003.
- Crayford, A. P. and Bowen, P. J. 2001. Water mitigation of gaseous explosions. Presented at: 30th UKELG United Kingdom Explosion Liaison Group Meeting, Kingston, UK.
Erthyglau
- Smith, L. D., Harper, J., Durand, E., Crayford, A., Johnson, M., Coe, H. and Williams, P. I. 2024. Examination of the influence of alternative fuels on particulate matter properties emitted from a non-proprietary combustor. Atmosphere 15(3), article number: 308. (10.3390/atmos15030308)
- Durand, E. et al. 2023. Correction for particle Loss in a regulatory aviation nvPM emissions system using measured particle size. Journal of Aerosol Science 169, article number: 106140. (10.1016/j.jaerosci.2023.106140)
- Harper, J., Durand, E., Bowen, P., Pugh, D., Johnson, M. and Crayford, A. 2022. Influence of alternative fuel properties and combustor operating conditions on the nvPM and gaseous emissions produced by a small-scale RQL combustor. Fuel 315, article number: 123045. (10.1016/j.fuel.2021.123045)
- Zitouni, S., Pugh, D., Crayford, A., Bowen, P. J. and Runyon, J. 2022. Lewis number effects on lean premixed combustion characteristics of multi-component fuel blends. Combustion and Flame 238, article number: 111932. (10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111932)
- Smith, L. D. et al. 2022. Examining chemical composition of gas turbine-emitted organic aerosol using positive matrix factorisation (PMF). Journal of Aerosol Science 159, article number: 105869. (10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105869)
- Durand, E., Lobo, P., Crayford, A., Sevcenco, Y. and Christie, S. 2021. Impact of fuel hydrogen content on non-volatile particulate matter emitted from an aircraft auxiliary power unit measured with standardised reference systems. Fuel 287, article number: 119637. (10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119637)
- Pascoe, M. J. et al. 2020. Dry heat and microwave generated steam protocols for the rapid decontamination of respiratory personal protective equipment in response to COVID-19-related shortages. Journal of Hospital Infection 106(1), pp. 10-19. (10.1016/j.jhin.2020.07.008)
- Lobo, P. et al. 2020. Comparison of standardized sampling and measurement reference systems for aircraft engine non-volatile particulate matter emissions. Journal of Aerosol Science 145, article number: 105557. (10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105557)
- Durand, E. F., Crayford, A. P. and Johnson, M. 2020. Experimental validation of thermophoretic and bend nanoparticle loss for a regulatory prescribed aircraft nvPM sampling system. Aerosol Science and Technology 54(9), pp. 1019-1033. (10.1080/02786826.2020.1756212)
- Upadhyay, A. et al. 2018. A new RAM normalized 1f-WMS technique for the measurement of gas parameters in harsh environments and a comparison with 2f/1f. IEEE Photonics Journal 10(6), article number: 6804611. (10.1109/JPHOT.2018.2883548)
- Pugh, D., Bowen, P., Crayford, A., Marsh, R., Runyon, J., Morris, S. and Giles, A. 2018. Catalytic influence of water vapor on lean blowoff and NOx reduction for pressurised swirling syngas flames. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 140(6), article number: 61502. (10.1115/1.4038417)
- Olfert, J. S. et al. 2017. Effective density and volatility of particles sampled from a helicopter gas turbine engine. Aerosol Science and Technology 51(6), pp. 704-714. (10.1080/02786826.2017.1292346)
- Pugh, D. G. et al. 2017. Dissociative influence of H2O vapour/spray on lean blowoff and NOx reduction for heavily carbonaceous syngas swirling flames. Combustion and Flame 177, pp. 37-48. (10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.11.010)
- Giles, A. P., Kay, P. J., Mouzakitis, K., Bowen, P. J. and Crayford, A. P. 2017. On flammability hazards from pressurised high-flashpoint liquid releases. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 46, pp. 185-194. (10.1016/j.jlp.2017.01.024)
- Pugh, D. G., Crayford, A. P., Bowen, P. J. and Al-Naama, M. 2016. Parametric investigation of water loading on heavily carbonaceous syngases. Combustion and Flame 164, pp. 126-136. (10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.11.009)
- Johnson, T. J. et al. 2015. Effective density and mass-mobility exponent of aircraft turbine particulate matter. Journal of Propulsion and Power 51(6), pp. 1309-1319. (10.2514/1.B35367)
- Pugh, D., Crayford, A. P., Bowen, P. J., O'Doherty, T., Marsh, R. and Steer, J. 2014. Laminar flame speed and markstein length characterisation of steelworks gas blends. Applied Energy 136, pp. 1026-1034. (10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.04.044)
- Pugh, D., O'Doherty, T., Griffiths, A. J., Bowen, P. J., Crayford, A. P. and Marsh, R. 2013. Sensitivity to change in laminar burning velocity and Markstein length resulting from variable hydrogen fraction in blast furnace gas for changing ambient conditions. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 38(8), pp. 3459-3470. (10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.12.081)
- Bagdanavicius, A., Bowen, P. J., Syred, N. and Crayford, A. P. 2013. Turbulent Flame Structure of Methane-Hydrogen Mixtures at Elevated Temperature and Pressure. Combustion Science and Technology 185(2), pp. 350-361. (10.1080/00102202.2012.718005)
- Abdulsada, M. H., Syred, N., Bowen, P. J., O'Doherty, T., Griffiths, A. J., Marsh, R. and Crayford, A. P. 2012. Effect of exhaust confinement and fuel type upon the blowoff limits and fuel switching ability of swirl combustors. Applied Thermal Engineering 48, pp. 426-435. (10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.04.042)
- Valera Medina, A., Syred, N., Bowen, P. J. and Crayford, A. P. 2011. Studies of swirl burner characteristics, flame lengths and relative pressure amplitudes. Journal of Fluids Engineering 133(10), article number: 101302. (10.1115/1.4004908)
- Petzold, A. et al. 2011. Evaluation of methods for measuring particulate matter emissions from gas turbines. Environmental Science & Technology 45(8), pp. 3562-3568. (10.1021/es103969v)
- Bagdanavicius, A., Bowen, P. J., Syred, N., Kay, P. J., Crayford, A. P., Wood, J. and Sims, G. 2010. Burning velocities of alternative gaseous fuels at elevated temperature and pressure. AIAA Journal 48(2), pp. 317-329. (10.2514/1.43225)
- Konstantinov, D., Marsh, R., Bowen, P. J. and Crayford, A. P. 2010. Effervescent Atomisation for Industrial Energy - Technology Review. Journal of Atomisation and Sprays 20(6), pp. 525-552. (10.1615/AtomizSpr.v20.i6)
Gosodiad
- Crayford, A. P. 2004. Suppression of methane-air explosions with water in the form of 'fine' mists. PhD Thesis, Cardiff University.
Monograffau
- Crayford, A. P., Johnson, M. P., Sevcenco, Y. A., Williams, P. I., Madden, P., Marsh, R. and Bowen, P. J. 2014. SAMPLE III SC.05 - Studying, sampling and measuring of Aircraft ParticuLate Emissions III: Specific Contract 05. Technical Report.
- Crayford, A. P. et al. 2012. SAMPLE III SC.02 - Studying, sampling and measuring of Aircraft ParticuLate Emissions III: Specific Contract 02. Technical Report.
Research
Contracts
| Title | People | Sponsor | Value | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contribution to aircraft engines PM certification requirement and standard - Sample III | Marsh R, Crayford AP, Bowen P, Morris S, | European Aviation Safety Agency via Rolls Royce | 460899 | 16/12/2010 - 30/11/2014 |
| Analysis of ultrafine particulate emissions from the transport sector | Bowen P J, Crayford A | Rolls Royce | 42000 | 01/10/2010 - 01/10/2013 |
| BP acetic acid burning | Bowen P J,Crayford A, Morris S | Stage 1 and 2 & Phase 2b - BP Amoco Chemical Company | 185579 | 01/02/2012 - 31/08/2013 |
| Analysis of ultrafine particulate emissions from the transcript sector | Bowen P, Crayford A | Rolls Royce | 42000 | 01/10/2010 - 01/10/2013 |
| Technical experiments and investigations to generate mist and spray | Bowen P, Crayford A | GexCon AS | 12000 | 03/10/2013 - 22/04/2014 |
| Mist Explosion Hazards | Bowen P, Crayford A, Morris S | Health & Safety Executive | 100000 | 25/05/2012 - 30/09/2015 |
| Advanced gas turbine cycles for high efficiency and sustainable future conventional generation | Bowen P, Marsh R, Crayford A, Valera-Medina A | EPSRC via Imperial College London | 443494 | 01/04/2015 - 31/03/2018 |
| Active sensing of exhaust particulates using a smart vertical nanowire array | Bowen PJ, Crayford A | Ser Cymru Swansea NRN AEM | 30000 | 01/07/2015 - 30/06/2018 |
| Decoupled Green Energy Supply | Valera-Media A, Bowen PJ, Marsh R, Crayford A | TSB (Innovate UK) | 285000 | 01/01/2015 - 31/12/2017 |
| Combustion characteristics of ammomia-based mixtures for power-generation applications | Valera-Medina A, Crayford A, Bowen P, Marsh R | Siemens AG | 161000 | 01/04/2014 - 30/09/2014 |
| Support on technical issues associated with aviation emissions | Crayford A | EASA | 10265 | 11/03/2016 - 31/08/2016 |
| Provision of services towards the development of a public European environmental model suite for aviation | Crayford A, Bowen P, Marsh R | European Commission | 156742 | 01/01/2015 - 31/12/2016 |
Supervised Students
| Title | Student | Status | Degree |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coal Analysis and Operability in Iron and Steel | SEXTON Dane Christian | Current | PhD |
| Propagating Laminar Flam Characteristics for Single and Two Phase Alternative Fuel Mixtures | DE LA ROSA URBALEJO Daniel | Graduate | PhD |
| Charaterisation of Particulate Matter Emitted from Aviation Gas Turbine and Spray-Guided Direct Injection Gasoline Engines | WALTERS David Mark | Graduate | PhD |
| NOVEL CHARACTERISATION OF COMBUSTION GENERATED 'ULTRAFINE' PARTICULATE MATTER. | DURAND Eliot Faustin | Current | PhD |
| Effects Of Geometry and Gas Composition on Swirling Flows | BAEJ Hesham | Graduate | PhD |