![Kevin Murphy](https://profiles-cardiff.imgix.net/attachments/3619?w=200&h=200&auto=format&crop=faces&fit=crop&q=90")
Professor Kevin Murphy
Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow
Head of Brain Imaging Group
School of Physics and Astronomy
- Available for postgraduate supervision
Overview
A healthy brain is critically dependent on well-functioning blood supply. My research focuses on developing tools to assess the health of ageing blood vessels in the brain using signals from fMRI. This will allow researchers to track deterioration of the vessels as we age and will open the possibility of treating associated brain conditions before they become problematic.
I am the Compute and Data Lead at CUBRIC (Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre).
Publication
2024
- Wright, M. E. et al. 2024. OP-07 Retinal and cortical vascular function across the menstrual cycle. Presented at: Women in Vision UK Winter Meeting 2023, Cambridge, UK, 12 December 2023, Vol. 9., (10.1136/bmjoo-2024-WVUK.7)
- Biondetti, E. et al. 2024. Breath-hold BOLD fMRI without CO2 sampling enables estimation of venous cerebral blood volume: potential use in normalization of stimulus-evoked BOLD fMRI data. NeuroImage 285, article number: 120492. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120492)
2023
- Steventon, J. J. et al. 2023. Menopause age, reproductive span and hormone therapy duration predict the volume of medial temporal lobe brain structures in postmenopausal women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 158, article number: 106393. (10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106393)
- Lancaster, T. et al. 2023. Proof-of-concept recall-by-genotype study of extremely low and high Alzheimer’s polygenic risk reveals autobiographical deficits and cingulate cortex correlates. Alzheimer's Research and Therapy 15, article number: 213. (10.1186/s13195-023-01362-y)
- Talbot, J. S. et al. 2023. Cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity are modified by maturational stage and exercise training status during youth. Experimental Physiology 108(12), pp. 1500-1515. (10.1113/ep091279)
- Wright, M. E. and Murphy, K. 2023. A mini-review of the evidence for cerebrovascular changes following gender-affirming hormone replacement therapy and a call for increased focus on cerebrovascular transgender health. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 17, article number: 1303871. (10.3389/fnhum.2023.1303871)
- Marchetto, E., Murphy, K., Glimberg, S. L. and Gallichan, D. 2023. Robust retrospective motion correction of head motion using navigator-based and markerless motion tracking techniques. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 90(4), pp. 1297-1315. (10.1002/mrm.29705)
- Hubbard Cristinacce, P. L. et al. 2023. Steps on the path to clinical translation: A workshop by the British and Irish Chapter of the ISMRM. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 90(3), pp. 1130-1136. (10.1002/mrm.29704)
- Mascali, D. et al. 2023. Pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis damage and repair: Linking cerebral hypoperfusion to the development of irreversible tissue loss in multiple sclerosis using magnetic resonance imaging. European Journal of Neurology 30(8), pp. 2348-2356. (10.1111/ene.15827)
- Smith, S. et al. 2023. Imaging Neuroscience opening editorial. Imaging Neuroscience 1, pp. 1-4. (10.1162/imag_e_00007)
- Braban, A., Leech, R., Murphy, K. and Geranmayeh, F. 2023. Cerebrovascular reactivity has negligible contribution to hemodynamic lag after stroke: implications for functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. Stroke 54(4), pp. 1066-1077. (10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.041880)
2022
- Chiarelli, A. M. et al. 2022. Cerebrovascular reactivity in multiple sclerosis is restored with reduced inflammation during immunomodulation. Scientific Reports 12(1), article number: 15453. (10.1038/s41598-022-19113-8)
- Chiarelli, A. M. et al. 2022. A flow-diffusion model of oxygen transport for quantitative mapping of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) with single gas calibrated fMRI. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 42(7), pp. 1192-1209. (10.1177/0271678X221077332)
- Whittaker, J. R., Steventon, J. J., Venzi, M. and Murphy, K. 2022. The spatiotemporal dynamics of cerebral autoregulation in functional magnetic resonance imaging. Frontiers in Neuroscience 16, article number: 795683. (10.3389/fnins.2022.795683)
- Plumley, A., Watkins, L., Treder, M., Liebig, P., Murphy, K. and Kopanoglu, E. 2022. Rigid motion-resolved B1+ prediction using deep learning for real-time parallel-transmission pulse design. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 87(5), pp. 2254-2270. (10.1002/mrm.29132)
- Whittaker, J. R., Fasano, F., Venzi, M., Liebig, P., Gallichan, D., Möller, H. E. and Murphy, K. 2022. Measuring arterial pulsatility with dynamic inflow magnitude contrast. Frontiers in Neuroscience 15, article number: 795749. (10.3389/fnins.2021.795749)
2021
- Caseras, X. et al. 2021. Effects of genomic copy number variants penetrant for schizophrenia on cortical thickness and surface area in healthy individuals: analysis of the UK Biobank. British Journal of Psychiatry 218(2), pp. 104-111. (10.1192/bjp.2020.139)
- Chandler, H. L., Wise, R. G., Linden, D. E., Williams, J., Murphy, K. and Lancaster, T. M. 2021. Alzheimer's genetic risk effects on cerebral blood flow are spatially consistent and proximal to gene expression across the lifespan. [Online]. bioRxiv. (10.1101/2020.12.31.424949v1) Available at: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.31.424949
- Das, A., Murphy, K. and Drew, P. J. 2021. Rude mechanicals in brain haemodynamics: non-neural actors that influence blood flow. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376(1815), article number: 20190635. (10.1098/rstb.2019.0635)
2020
- Bright, M. G., Whittaker, J. R., Driver, I. D. and Murphy, K. 2020. Vascular physiology drives functional brain networks. NeuroImage 217, article number: 116907. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116907)
- Steventon, J. J., Rosser, A. E., Hart, E. and Murphy, K. 2020. Hypertension, antihypertensive use and the delayed onset of Huntington's Disease. Movement Disorders 35(6), pp. 937-946. (10.1002/mds.27976)
- Chandler, H. L., Hodgetts, C. J., Caseras, X., Murphy, K. and Lancaster, T. M. 2020. Polygenic risk for Alzheimer's disease shapes hippocampal scene-selectivity. Neuropsychopharmacology 45, pp. 1171-1178. (10.1038/s41386-019-0595-1)
- Steventon, J., Furby, H., Ralph, J., O'Callaghan, P., Wise, R., Busse, M. and Murphy, K. 2020. Altered cerebrovascular response to acute exercise in patients with Huntington’s Disease. Brain Communications 2(1), article number: fcaa044. (10.1093/braincomms/fcaa044)
- Germuska, M., Chandler, H., Okell, T., Fasano, F., Tomassini, V., Murphy, K. and Wise, R. 2020. A frequency-domain machine learning method for dual-calibrated fMRI mapping of oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2). Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 3, article number: 12. (10.3389/frai.2020.00012)
- Steventon, J. J., Foster, C., Furby, H., Helme, D., Wise, R. G. and Murphy, K. 2020. Hippocampal blood flow is increased after 20 min of moderate-intensity exercise. Cerebral Cortex 30(2), pp. 525-533. (10.1093/cercor/bhz104)
- Watkins, L., Plumley, A., Murphy, K. and Kopanoglu, E. 2020. Motion robust parallel transmission excitation pulse design for ultra-high field MRI. Presented at: ISMRM & SMRT Virtual Conference & Exhibition 2020, Online, 8-14 August 2020.
2019
- Whittaker, J., Driver, I., Venzi, M., Bright, M. and Murphy, K. 2019. Cerebral autoregulation evidence by synchronized low frequency oscillations in blood pressure and resing-state fMRI. Frontiers in Neuroscience 13, article number: 433. (10.3389/fnins.2019.00433)
- Whittaker, J. R., Bright, M. G., Driver, I. D., Babic, A., Khot, S. and Murphy, K. 2019. Changes in arterial cerebral blood volume during lower body negative pressure measured with MRI. NeuroImage 187, pp. 166-175. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.06.041)
- Chandler, H. L., Wise, R. G., Murphy, K., Tansey, K. E., Linden, D. E. J. and Lancaster, T. M. 2019. Polygenic impact of common genetic risk loci for Alzheimer's disease on cerebral blood flow in young individuals. Scientific Reports 9, article number: 467. (10.1038/s41598-018-36820-3)
- Germuska, M. et al. 2019. Dual-calibrated fMRI measurement of absolute cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption and effective oxygen diffusivity. NeuroImage 184, pp. 717-728. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.035)
2018
- Whittaker, J. R., Foley, S. F., Ackling, E., Murphy, K. and Caseras, X. 2018. The functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex as an endophenotype for bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry 84(11), pp. 803-809. (10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.07.023)
- Steventon, J. et al. 2018. Cerebrovascular function in the large arteries is maintained following moderate intensity exercise. Frontiers in Physiology 9(1657) (10.3389/fphys.2018.01657)
- Steventon, J. et al. 2018. Alterations in the metabolic and cardiorespiratory response to exercise in Huntington's Disease. Parkinsonism and Related Disorders 54, pp. 56-61. (10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.04.014)
- Merola, A., Germuska, M. A., Murphy, K. and Wise, R. G. 2018. Assessing the repeatability of absolute CMRO 2 , OEF and haemodynamic measurements from calibrated fMRI. NeuroImage 173, pp. 113-126. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.02.020)
2017
- Merola, A. et al. 2017. Mapping the pharmacological modulation of brain oxygen metabolism: the effects of caffeine on absolute CMRO2 measured using dual calibrated fMRI. NeuroImage 155, pp. 331-343. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.03.028)
- Murphy, K. and Fox, M. D. 2017. Towards a consensus regarding global signal regression for resting state functional connectivity MRI. NeuroImage 154, pp. 169-173. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.11.052)
- Bright, M. G., Tench, C. R. and Murphy, K. 2017. Potential pitfalls when denoising resting state fMRI data using nuisance regression. NeuroImage 154, pp. 159-168. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.027)
- Bright, M. and Murphy, K. 2017. Cleaning up the fMRI time series: mitigating noise with advanced acquisition and correction strategies. NeuroImage 154, pp. 1-3. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.03.056)
- Driver, I., Wise, R. and Murphy, K. 2017. Graded hypercapnia-calibrated BOLD: beyond the iso metabolic hypercapnic assumption. Frontiers in Neuroscience 11, article number: 276. (10.3389/fnins.2017.00276)
- Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. 2017. Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression: fMRI-measured brain mechanisms. Scientific Reports 7(1), article number: 13187. (10.1038/s41598-017-13282-7)
2016
- Germuska, M. et al. 2016. A forward modelling approach for the estimation of oxygen extraction fraction by calibrated fMRI. NeuroImage 139, pp. 313-323. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.06.004)
- Scalzo, F., O'Connor, D. A., Orr, C., Murphy, K. and Hester, R. 2016. Attention diversion improves response inhibition of immediate reward, but only when it is beneficial: An fMRI Study. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 10, article number: 429. (10.3389/fnhum.2016.00429)
- Driver, I. D., Whittaker, J. R., Bright, M. G., Muthukumaraswamy, S. and Murphy, K. 2016. Arterial CO2 fluctuations modulate neuronal rhythmicity: Implications for MEG and fMRI studies of resting-state networks. Journal of Neuroscience 36(33), pp. 8541-8550. (10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4263-15.2016)
- Warnert, E. A. H., Hart, E. C., Hall, J. E., Murphy, K. and Wise, R. G. 2016. The major cerebral arteries proximal to the Circle of Willis contribute to cerebrovascular resistance in humans. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 36(8), pp. 1384-1395. (10.1177/0271678X15617952)
- Prokopiou, P. C., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Mitsis, G. D. 2016. Estimation of voxel-wise dynamic cerebrovascular reactivity curves from resting-state fMRI data. Presented at: 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Orlando, FL, USA, 16-20 August 2016 Presented at Patton, J. et al. eds.2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC 2016): Proceedings of a meeting held 16-20 August 2016, Orlando, Florida, USA. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE pp. 1143-1146., (10.1109/EMBC.2016.7590906)
- Nikolaou, F., Orphanidou, C., Papakyriakou, P., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Mitsis, G. D. 2016. Spontaneous physiological variability modulates dynamic functional connectivity in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374(2067) (10.1098/rsta.2015.0183)
- Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. 2016. Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113(17), pp. 4853-4858. (10.1073/pnas.1518377113)
- Tagliazucchi, E. et al. 2016. Increased global functional connectivity correlates with LSD-Induced ego dissolution. Current Biology 26(8), pp. 1043-1050. (10.1016/j.cub.2016.02.010)
- Merola, A. et al. 2016. Measurement of oxygen extraction fraction (OEF): An optimized BOLD signal model for use with hypercapnic and hyperoxic calibration. NeuroImage 129, pp. 159-174. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.021)
- Whittaker, J. R., Driver, I. D., Bright, M. G. and Murphy, K. 2016. The absolute CBF response to activation is preserved during elevated perfusion: Implications for neurovascular coupling measures. NeuroImage 125, pp. 198-207. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.10.023)
2015
- Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. 2015. The effects of acutely administered 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on spontaneous brain function in healthy volunteers measured with arterial spin labeling and blood oxygen level-dependent resting state functional connectivity. Biological Psychiatry 78(8), pp. 554-562. (10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.12.015)
- Caseras, X., Murphy, K., Lawrence, N. S., Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Watts, J., Jones, D. K. and Phillips, M. L. 2015. Emotion regulation deficits in euthymic bipolar I versus bipolar II disorder: a functional and diffusion-tensor imaging study. Bipolar Disorders 17(5), pp. 461-470. (10.1111/bdi.12292)
- Coulson, J. M., Murphy, K., Harris, A. D., Fjodorova, M., Cockcroft, J. R. and Wise, R. G. 2015. Correlation between baseline blood pressure and the brainstem FMRI response to isometric forearm contraction in human volunteers: a pilot study. Journal of Human Hypertension 29(7), pp. 449-455. (10.1038/jhh.2014.103)
- Bright, M. G. and Murphy, K. 2015. Is fMRI “noise” really noise? Resting state nuisance regressors remove variance with network structure. NeuroImage 114, pp. 158-169. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.070)
- Lipp, I., Murphy, K., Caseras, X. and Wise, R. G. 2015. Agreement and repeatability of vascular reactivity estimates based on a breath-hold task and a resting state scan. NeuroImage 113, pp. 387-396. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.004)
- Geranmayeh, F., Wise, R. J. S., Leech, R. and Murphy, K. 2015. Measuring vascular reactivity with breath-holds after stroke: a method to aid interpretation of group-level BOLD signal changes in longitudinal fMRI studies. Human Brain Mapping 36(5), pp. 1755-1771. (10.1002/hbm.22735)
- Lipp, I., Evans, C. J., Lewis, C., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Caseras, X. 2015. The relationship between fearfulness, GABA, and fear-related BOLD responses in the insula. Plos One 10(3), article number: e0120101. (10.1371/journal.pone.0120101)
- Warnert, E. A., Murphy, K., Hall, J. E. and Wise, R. G. 2015. Noninvasive assessment of arterial compliance of human cerebral arteries with short inversion time arterial spin labeling. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 35(3), pp. 461-468. (10.1038/jcbfm.2014.219)
2014
- Warnert, E. A. et al. 2014. In vivo assessment of human brainstem cerebrovascular function: a multi-inversion time pulsed arterial spin labelling study. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 34(6), pp. 956-963. (10.1038/jcbfm.2014.39)
- Lipp, I., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Caseras, X. 2014. Understanding the contribution of neural and physiological signal variation to the low repeatability of emotion-induced BOLD responses. NeuroImage 86, pp. 335-342. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.10.015)
- Bright, M. G., Bianciardi, M., de Zwart, J. A., Murphy, K. and Duyn, J. H. 2014. Early anti-correlated BOLD signal changes of physiologic origin. NeuroImage 87, pp. 287-296. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.10.055)
2013
- Murphy, K., Birn, R. M. and Bandettini, P. A. 2013. Resting-state fMRI confounds and cleanup. NeuroImage 80, pp. 349-359. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.001)
- Caseras, X. et al. 2013. Anatomical and functional overlap within the insula and anterior cingulate cortex during interoception and phobic symptom provocation. Human Brain Mapping 34(5), pp. 1220-1229. (10.1002/hbm.21503)
- Caseras, X., Lawrence, N. S., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Phillips, M. L. 2013. Ventral striatum activity in response to reward: differences between bipolar I and II disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry 170(5), pp. 533-541. (10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12020169)
- Harris, A. D. et al. 2013. Temporal dynamics of lactate concentration in the human brain during acute inspiratory hypoxia. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 37(3), pp. 739-745. (10.1002/jmri.23815)
- Tailor, N., Warnert, E. A., Stone, A., Harris, A. D., Murphy, K., Hall, J. E. and Wise, R. G. 2013. Non-invasive measurement of brainstem blood flow [Abstract]. Anaesthesia 68(3), pp. 322. (10.1111/anae.12097)
- Gili, T., Saxena, N., Diukova, A., Murphy, K., Hall, J. E. and Wise, R. G. 2013. The thalamus and brainstem act as key hubs in alterations of human brain network connectivity induced by mild propofol sedation. The Journal of Neuroscience 33(9), pp. 4024-4031. (10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3480-12.2013)
- Hayen, A., Herigstad, M., Kelly, M., Okell, T. W., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Pattinson, K. T. S. 2013. The effects of altered intrathoracic pressure on resting cerebral blood flow and its response to visual stimulation. NeuroImage 66, pp. 479-488. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.10.049)
- Bright, M. G. and Murphy, K. 2013. Removing motion and physiological artifacts from intrinsic BOLD fluctuations using short echo data. NeuroImage 64, pp. 526-537. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.09.043)
- Wise, R. G., Harris, A. D., Stone, A. and Murphy, K. 2013. Measurement of OEF and absolute CMRO2: MRI-based methods using interleaved and combined hypercapnia and hyperoxia. NeuroImage 83, pp. 135-147. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.06.008)
- Bright, M. G. and Murphy, K. 2013. Reliable quantification of BOLD fMRI cerebrovascular reactivity despite poor breath-hold performance. NeuroImage 83, pp. 559-568. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.07.007)
- Harris, A. D., Murphy, K., Diaz, C., Saxena, N., Hall, J. E., Liu, T. T. and Wise, R. G. 2013. Cerebral blood flow response to acute hypoxic hypoxia. NMR in Biomedicine 26(12), pp. 1844-1852. (10.1002/nbm.3026)
2012
- Tailor, N., Warnert, E. A., Stone, A., Harris, A. D., Murphy, K., Hall, J. E. and Wise, R. G. 2012. Non-invasive measurement of brainstem blood flow in normocapnia and hypercapnia using arterial spin labelling MRI [Abstract]. Anaesthesia 67(S2), pp. 18. (10.1111/anae.12032)
- Diukova, A., Ware, J. J., Smith, J. E., Evans, C. J., Murphy, K., Rogers, P. J. and Wise, R. G. 2012. Separating neural and vascular effects of caffeine using simultaneous EEG-FMRI: Differential effects of caffeine on cognitive and sensorimotor brain responses. NeuroImage 62(1), pp. 239-249. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.041)
- Saad, Z. S., Gotts, S. J., Murphy, K., Chen, G., Joon, J. H., Martin, A. and Cox, R. W. 2012. Trouble at rest: how correlation patterns and group differences become distorted after global signal regression. Brain Connectivity 2(1), pp. 25-32. (10.1089/brain.2012.0080)
- Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. 2012. Neural correlates of the psychedelic state as determined by fMRI studies with psilocybin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109(6), pp. 2138-2143. (10.1073/pnas.1119598109)
2011
- Murphy, K., Harris, A. D., Diukova, A., Evans, C. J., Lythgoe, D. J., Zelaya, F. and Wise, R. G. 2011. Pulsed arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging at 3 T: estimating the number of subjects required in common designs of clinical trials. Magnetic Resonance Imaging 29(10), pp. 1382-1389. (10.1016/j.mri.2011.02.030)
- Murphy, K., Harris, A. D. and Wise, R. G. 2011. Robustly measuring vascular reactivity differences with breath-hold: Normalising stimulus-evoked and resting state BOLD fMRI data. NeuroImage 54(1), pp. 369-379. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.07.059)
2010
- Hester, R., Murphy, K., Brown, F. L. and Skilleter, A. J. 2010. Punishing an error improves learning: the influence of punishment magnitude on error-related neural activity and subsequent learning. The Journal of Neuroscience 30(46), pp. 15600-15607. (10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2565-10.2010)
- Edden, R. A. E. et al. 2010. Edited MRS is sensitive to changes in lactate concentration during inspiratory hypoxia. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 32(2), pp. 320-325. (10.1002/jmri.22233)
2009
- Hester, R., Madeley, J., Murphy, K. and Mattingley, J. B. 2009. Learning from errors: Error-related neural activity predicts improvements in future inhibitory control performance. The Journal of Neuroscience 29(22), pp. 7158-7165. (10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4337-08.2009)
- Murphy, K., Birn, R. M., Handwerker, D. A., Jones, T. B. and Bandettini, P. A. 2009. The impact of global signal regression on resting state correlations: are anti-correlated networks introduced?. NeuroImage 44(3), pp. 893-905. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.09.036)
- Birn, R. M., Murphy, K., Handwerker, D. A. and Bandettini, P. A. 2009. fMRI in the presence of task-correlated breathing variations. NeuroImage 47(3), pp. 1092-1104. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.030)
2008
- Hester, R., Barre, N., Murphy, K., Silk, T. J. and Mattingley, J. B. 2008. Human Medial Frontal Cortex Activity Predicts Learning from Errors. Cerebral Cortex 18(8), pp. 1933-1940. (10.1093/cercor/bhm219)
- Birn, R. M., Murphy, K. and Bandettini, P. A. 2008. The effect of respiration variations on independent component analysis results of resting state functional connectivity. Human Brain Mapping 29(7), pp. 740-750. (10.1002/hbm.20577)
- Fassbender, C., Hester, R., Murphy, K., Foxe, J. J., Foxe, D. M. and Garavan, H. 2008. Prefrontal and midline interactions mediating behavioural control. European Journal of Neuroscience 29(1), pp. 181-187. (10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06557.x)
2007
- Bodurka, J., Ye, F., Petridou, N., Murphy, K. and Bandettini, P. A. 2007. Mapping the MRI voxel volume in which thermal noise matches physiological noise - implications for fMRI. Neuroimage 34(2), pp. 542-549. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.09.039)
- Murphy, K., Bodurka, J. and Bandettini, P. A. 2007. How long to scan? The relationship between fMRI temporal signal to noise ratio and necessary scan duration. Neuroimage 34(2), pp. 565-574. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.09.032)
2006
- Fassbender, C., Simoes-Franklin, C., Murphy, K., Hester, R., Meaney, J., Robertson, I. H. and Garavan, H. 2006. The Role of a Right Fronto-Parietal Network in Cognitive Control. Journal of Psychophysiology 20(4), pp. 286-296. (10.1027/0269-8803.20.4.286)
- Garavan, H., Hester, R., Murphy, K., Fassbender, C. and Kelly, C. 2006. Individual differences in the functional neuroanatomy of inhibitory control. Brain Research 1105(1), pp. 130-142. (10.1016/j.brainres.2006.03.029)
- Murphy, K., Dixon, V., LaGrave, K., Kaufman, J., Risinger, R., Bloom, A. and Garavan, H. 2006. A validation of event-related FMRI comparisons between drug groups and controls. American Journal of Psychiatry 163(7), pp. 1245-1251.
2005
- Murphy, K. and Garavan, H. 2005. Deriving the optimal number of events for an event-related fMRI study based on the spatial extent of activation. Neuroimage 27(4), pp. 771-777. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.05.007)
- Kübler, A., Murphy, K. and Garavan, H. 2005. Cocaine dependence and attention switching within and between verbal and visuospatial working memory. European Journal of Neuroscience 21(7), pp. 1984-1992. (10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04027.x)
2004
- Hester, R., Murphy, K. and Garavan, H. 2004. Beyond common resources: the cortical basis for resolving task interference. Neuroimage 23(1), pp. 202-212. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.05.024)
- Hester, R. L., Murphy, K., Foxe, J. J., Foxe, D. M., Javitt, D. C. and Garavan, H. 2004. Predicting success: patterns of cortical activation and deactivation prior to response inhibition. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16(5), pp. 776-785. (10.1162/089892904970726)
- Kelly, A. M. C., Hester, R., Murphy, K., Javitt, D. C., Foxe, J. J. and Garavan, H. 2004. Prefrontal-subcortical dissociations underlying inhibitory control revealed by event-related fMRI. European Journal of Neuroscience 19(11), pp. 3105-3112. (10.1111/j.0953-816X.2004.03429.x)
- Murphy, K. and Garavan, H. 2004. An empirical investigation into the number of subjects required for an event-related fMRI study. Neuroimage 22(2), pp. 879-885. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.02.005)
- Murphy, K. and Garavan, H. 2004. Artifactual fMRI group and condition differences driven by performance confounds. Neuroimage 21(1), pp. 219-228. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.016)
- Fassbender, C., Murphy, K., Foxe, J. J., Wylie, G. R., Javitt, D. C., Robertson, I. H. and Garavan, H. 2004. A topography of executive functions and their interactions revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Cognitive Brain Research 20(2), pp. 132-143. (10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.02.007)
- Burke, D., Murphy, K., Garavan, H. and Reilly, R. 2004. Pattern Recognition Approach to the Detection of Single-Trial Event-Related FMRI. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 42(5), pp. 604-609. (10.1007/BF02347541)
2003
- Kübler, A., Murphy, K., Kaufman, J., Stein, E. A. and Garavan, H. 2003. Co-ordination within and between verbal and visuospatial working memory: network modulation and anterior frontal recruitment. NeuroImage 20(2), pp. 1298-1308. (10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00400-2)
2002
- Garavan, H., Ross, T. J., Murphy, K., Roche, R. A. P. and Stein, E. A. 2002. Dissociable executive functions in the dynamic control of behavior: inhibition, error detection, and correction. NeuroImage 17(4), pp. 1820-1829. (10.1006/nimg.2002.1326)
Articles
- Biondetti, E. et al. 2024. Breath-hold BOLD fMRI without CO2 sampling enables estimation of venous cerebral blood volume: potential use in normalization of stimulus-evoked BOLD fMRI data. NeuroImage 285, article number: 120492. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120492)
- Steventon, J. J. et al. 2023. Menopause age, reproductive span and hormone therapy duration predict the volume of medial temporal lobe brain structures in postmenopausal women. Psychoneuroendocrinology 158, article number: 106393. (10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106393)
- Lancaster, T. et al. 2023. Proof-of-concept recall-by-genotype study of extremely low and high Alzheimer’s polygenic risk reveals autobiographical deficits and cingulate cortex correlates. Alzheimer's Research and Therapy 15, article number: 213. (10.1186/s13195-023-01362-y)
- Talbot, J. S. et al. 2023. Cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity are modified by maturational stage and exercise training status during youth. Experimental Physiology 108(12), pp. 1500-1515. (10.1113/ep091279)
- Wright, M. E. and Murphy, K. 2023. A mini-review of the evidence for cerebrovascular changes following gender-affirming hormone replacement therapy and a call for increased focus on cerebrovascular transgender health. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 17, article number: 1303871. (10.3389/fnhum.2023.1303871)
- Marchetto, E., Murphy, K., Glimberg, S. L. and Gallichan, D. 2023. Robust retrospective motion correction of head motion using navigator-based and markerless motion tracking techniques. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 90(4), pp. 1297-1315. (10.1002/mrm.29705)
- Hubbard Cristinacce, P. L. et al. 2023. Steps on the path to clinical translation: A workshop by the British and Irish Chapter of the ISMRM. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 90(3), pp. 1130-1136. (10.1002/mrm.29704)
- Mascali, D. et al. 2023. Pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis damage and repair: Linking cerebral hypoperfusion to the development of irreversible tissue loss in multiple sclerosis using magnetic resonance imaging. European Journal of Neurology 30(8), pp. 2348-2356. (10.1111/ene.15827)
- Smith, S. et al. 2023. Imaging Neuroscience opening editorial. Imaging Neuroscience 1, pp. 1-4. (10.1162/imag_e_00007)
- Braban, A., Leech, R., Murphy, K. and Geranmayeh, F. 2023. Cerebrovascular reactivity has negligible contribution to hemodynamic lag after stroke: implications for functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. Stroke 54(4), pp. 1066-1077. (10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.041880)
- Chiarelli, A. M. et al. 2022. Cerebrovascular reactivity in multiple sclerosis is restored with reduced inflammation during immunomodulation. Scientific Reports 12(1), article number: 15453. (10.1038/s41598-022-19113-8)
- Chiarelli, A. M. et al. 2022. A flow-diffusion model of oxygen transport for quantitative mapping of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) with single gas calibrated fMRI. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 42(7), pp. 1192-1209. (10.1177/0271678X221077332)
- Whittaker, J. R., Steventon, J. J., Venzi, M. and Murphy, K. 2022. The spatiotemporal dynamics of cerebral autoregulation in functional magnetic resonance imaging. Frontiers in Neuroscience 16, article number: 795683. (10.3389/fnins.2022.795683)
- Plumley, A., Watkins, L., Treder, M., Liebig, P., Murphy, K. and Kopanoglu, E. 2022. Rigid motion-resolved B1+ prediction using deep learning for real-time parallel-transmission pulse design. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 87(5), pp. 2254-2270. (10.1002/mrm.29132)
- Whittaker, J. R., Fasano, F., Venzi, M., Liebig, P., Gallichan, D., Möller, H. E. and Murphy, K. 2022. Measuring arterial pulsatility with dynamic inflow magnitude contrast. Frontiers in Neuroscience 15, article number: 795749. (10.3389/fnins.2021.795749)
- Caseras, X. et al. 2021. Effects of genomic copy number variants penetrant for schizophrenia on cortical thickness and surface area in healthy individuals: analysis of the UK Biobank. British Journal of Psychiatry 218(2), pp. 104-111. (10.1192/bjp.2020.139)
- Das, A., Murphy, K. and Drew, P. J. 2021. Rude mechanicals in brain haemodynamics: non-neural actors that influence blood flow. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376(1815), article number: 20190635. (10.1098/rstb.2019.0635)
- Bright, M. G., Whittaker, J. R., Driver, I. D. and Murphy, K. 2020. Vascular physiology drives functional brain networks. NeuroImage 217, article number: 116907. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116907)
- Steventon, J. J., Rosser, A. E., Hart, E. and Murphy, K. 2020. Hypertension, antihypertensive use and the delayed onset of Huntington's Disease. Movement Disorders 35(6), pp. 937-946. (10.1002/mds.27976)
- Chandler, H. L., Hodgetts, C. J., Caseras, X., Murphy, K. and Lancaster, T. M. 2020. Polygenic risk for Alzheimer's disease shapes hippocampal scene-selectivity. Neuropsychopharmacology 45, pp. 1171-1178. (10.1038/s41386-019-0595-1)
- Steventon, J., Furby, H., Ralph, J., O'Callaghan, P., Wise, R., Busse, M. and Murphy, K. 2020. Altered cerebrovascular response to acute exercise in patients with Huntington’s Disease. Brain Communications 2(1), article number: fcaa044. (10.1093/braincomms/fcaa044)
- Germuska, M., Chandler, H., Okell, T., Fasano, F., Tomassini, V., Murphy, K. and Wise, R. 2020. A frequency-domain machine learning method for dual-calibrated fMRI mapping of oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2). Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 3, article number: 12. (10.3389/frai.2020.00012)
- Steventon, J. J., Foster, C., Furby, H., Helme, D., Wise, R. G. and Murphy, K. 2020. Hippocampal blood flow is increased after 20 min of moderate-intensity exercise. Cerebral Cortex 30(2), pp. 525-533. (10.1093/cercor/bhz104)
- Whittaker, J., Driver, I., Venzi, M., Bright, M. and Murphy, K. 2019. Cerebral autoregulation evidence by synchronized low frequency oscillations in blood pressure and resing-state fMRI. Frontiers in Neuroscience 13, article number: 433. (10.3389/fnins.2019.00433)
- Whittaker, J. R., Bright, M. G., Driver, I. D., Babic, A., Khot, S. and Murphy, K. 2019. Changes in arterial cerebral blood volume during lower body negative pressure measured with MRI. NeuroImage 187, pp. 166-175. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.06.041)
- Chandler, H. L., Wise, R. G., Murphy, K., Tansey, K. E., Linden, D. E. J. and Lancaster, T. M. 2019. Polygenic impact of common genetic risk loci for Alzheimer's disease on cerebral blood flow in young individuals. Scientific Reports 9, article number: 467. (10.1038/s41598-018-36820-3)
- Germuska, M. et al. 2019. Dual-calibrated fMRI measurement of absolute cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption and effective oxygen diffusivity. NeuroImage 184, pp. 717-728. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.035)
- Whittaker, J. R., Foley, S. F., Ackling, E., Murphy, K. and Caseras, X. 2018. The functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex as an endophenotype for bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry 84(11), pp. 803-809. (10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.07.023)
- Steventon, J. et al. 2018. Cerebrovascular function in the large arteries is maintained following moderate intensity exercise. Frontiers in Physiology 9(1657) (10.3389/fphys.2018.01657)
- Steventon, J. et al. 2018. Alterations in the metabolic and cardiorespiratory response to exercise in Huntington's Disease. Parkinsonism and Related Disorders 54, pp. 56-61. (10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.04.014)
- Merola, A., Germuska, M. A., Murphy, K. and Wise, R. G. 2018. Assessing the repeatability of absolute CMRO 2 , OEF and haemodynamic measurements from calibrated fMRI. NeuroImage 173, pp. 113-126. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.02.020)
- Merola, A. et al. 2017. Mapping the pharmacological modulation of brain oxygen metabolism: the effects of caffeine on absolute CMRO2 measured using dual calibrated fMRI. NeuroImage 155, pp. 331-343. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.03.028)
- Murphy, K. and Fox, M. D. 2017. Towards a consensus regarding global signal regression for resting state functional connectivity MRI. NeuroImage 154, pp. 169-173. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.11.052)
- Bright, M. G., Tench, C. R. and Murphy, K. 2017. Potential pitfalls when denoising resting state fMRI data using nuisance regression. NeuroImage 154, pp. 159-168. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.027)
- Bright, M. and Murphy, K. 2017. Cleaning up the fMRI time series: mitigating noise with advanced acquisition and correction strategies. NeuroImage 154, pp. 1-3. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.03.056)
- Driver, I., Wise, R. and Murphy, K. 2017. Graded hypercapnia-calibrated BOLD: beyond the iso metabolic hypercapnic assumption. Frontiers in Neuroscience 11, article number: 276. (10.3389/fnins.2017.00276)
- Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. 2017. Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression: fMRI-measured brain mechanisms. Scientific Reports 7(1), article number: 13187. (10.1038/s41598-017-13282-7)
- Germuska, M. et al. 2016. A forward modelling approach for the estimation of oxygen extraction fraction by calibrated fMRI. NeuroImage 139, pp. 313-323. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.06.004)
- Scalzo, F., O'Connor, D. A., Orr, C., Murphy, K. and Hester, R. 2016. Attention diversion improves response inhibition of immediate reward, but only when it is beneficial: An fMRI Study. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 10, article number: 429. (10.3389/fnhum.2016.00429)
- Driver, I. D., Whittaker, J. R., Bright, M. G., Muthukumaraswamy, S. and Murphy, K. 2016. Arterial CO2 fluctuations modulate neuronal rhythmicity: Implications for MEG and fMRI studies of resting-state networks. Journal of Neuroscience 36(33), pp. 8541-8550. (10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4263-15.2016)
- Warnert, E. A. H., Hart, E. C., Hall, J. E., Murphy, K. and Wise, R. G. 2016. The major cerebral arteries proximal to the Circle of Willis contribute to cerebrovascular resistance in humans. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 36(8), pp. 1384-1395. (10.1177/0271678X15617952)
- Nikolaou, F., Orphanidou, C., Papakyriakou, P., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Mitsis, G. D. 2016. Spontaneous physiological variability modulates dynamic functional connectivity in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374(2067) (10.1098/rsta.2015.0183)
- Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. 2016. Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113(17), pp. 4853-4858. (10.1073/pnas.1518377113)
- Tagliazucchi, E. et al. 2016. Increased global functional connectivity correlates with LSD-Induced ego dissolution. Current Biology 26(8), pp. 1043-1050. (10.1016/j.cub.2016.02.010)
- Merola, A. et al. 2016. Measurement of oxygen extraction fraction (OEF): An optimized BOLD signal model for use with hypercapnic and hyperoxic calibration. NeuroImage 129, pp. 159-174. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.021)
- Whittaker, J. R., Driver, I. D., Bright, M. G. and Murphy, K. 2016. The absolute CBF response to activation is preserved during elevated perfusion: Implications for neurovascular coupling measures. NeuroImage 125, pp. 198-207. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.10.023)
- Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. 2015. The effects of acutely administered 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on spontaneous brain function in healthy volunteers measured with arterial spin labeling and blood oxygen level-dependent resting state functional connectivity. Biological Psychiatry 78(8), pp. 554-562. (10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.12.015)
- Caseras, X., Murphy, K., Lawrence, N. S., Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Watts, J., Jones, D. K. and Phillips, M. L. 2015. Emotion regulation deficits in euthymic bipolar I versus bipolar II disorder: a functional and diffusion-tensor imaging study. Bipolar Disorders 17(5), pp. 461-470. (10.1111/bdi.12292)
- Coulson, J. M., Murphy, K., Harris, A. D., Fjodorova, M., Cockcroft, J. R. and Wise, R. G. 2015. Correlation between baseline blood pressure and the brainstem FMRI response to isometric forearm contraction in human volunteers: a pilot study. Journal of Human Hypertension 29(7), pp. 449-455. (10.1038/jhh.2014.103)
- Bright, M. G. and Murphy, K. 2015. Is fMRI “noise” really noise? Resting state nuisance regressors remove variance with network structure. NeuroImage 114, pp. 158-169. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.070)
- Lipp, I., Murphy, K., Caseras, X. and Wise, R. G. 2015. Agreement and repeatability of vascular reactivity estimates based on a breath-hold task and a resting state scan. NeuroImage 113, pp. 387-396. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.004)
- Geranmayeh, F., Wise, R. J. S., Leech, R. and Murphy, K. 2015. Measuring vascular reactivity with breath-holds after stroke: a method to aid interpretation of group-level BOLD signal changes in longitudinal fMRI studies. Human Brain Mapping 36(5), pp. 1755-1771. (10.1002/hbm.22735)
- Lipp, I., Evans, C. J., Lewis, C., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Caseras, X. 2015. The relationship between fearfulness, GABA, and fear-related BOLD responses in the insula. Plos One 10(3), article number: e0120101. (10.1371/journal.pone.0120101)
- Warnert, E. A., Murphy, K., Hall, J. E. and Wise, R. G. 2015. Noninvasive assessment of arterial compliance of human cerebral arteries with short inversion time arterial spin labeling. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 35(3), pp. 461-468. (10.1038/jcbfm.2014.219)
- Warnert, E. A. et al. 2014. In vivo assessment of human brainstem cerebrovascular function: a multi-inversion time pulsed arterial spin labelling study. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 34(6), pp. 956-963. (10.1038/jcbfm.2014.39)
- Lipp, I., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Caseras, X. 2014. Understanding the contribution of neural and physiological signal variation to the low repeatability of emotion-induced BOLD responses. NeuroImage 86, pp. 335-342. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.10.015)
- Bright, M. G., Bianciardi, M., de Zwart, J. A., Murphy, K. and Duyn, J. H. 2014. Early anti-correlated BOLD signal changes of physiologic origin. NeuroImage 87, pp. 287-296. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.10.055)
- Murphy, K., Birn, R. M. and Bandettini, P. A. 2013. Resting-state fMRI confounds and cleanup. NeuroImage 80, pp. 349-359. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.001)
- Caseras, X. et al. 2013. Anatomical and functional overlap within the insula and anterior cingulate cortex during interoception and phobic symptom provocation. Human Brain Mapping 34(5), pp. 1220-1229. (10.1002/hbm.21503)
- Caseras, X., Lawrence, N. S., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Phillips, M. L. 2013. Ventral striatum activity in response to reward: differences between bipolar I and II disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry 170(5), pp. 533-541. (10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12020169)
- Harris, A. D. et al. 2013. Temporal dynamics of lactate concentration in the human brain during acute inspiratory hypoxia. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 37(3), pp. 739-745. (10.1002/jmri.23815)
- Tailor, N., Warnert, E. A., Stone, A., Harris, A. D., Murphy, K., Hall, J. E. and Wise, R. G. 2013. Non-invasive measurement of brainstem blood flow [Abstract]. Anaesthesia 68(3), pp. 322. (10.1111/anae.12097)
- Gili, T., Saxena, N., Diukova, A., Murphy, K., Hall, J. E. and Wise, R. G. 2013. The thalamus and brainstem act as key hubs in alterations of human brain network connectivity induced by mild propofol sedation. The Journal of Neuroscience 33(9), pp. 4024-4031. (10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3480-12.2013)
- Hayen, A., Herigstad, M., Kelly, M., Okell, T. W., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Pattinson, K. T. S. 2013. The effects of altered intrathoracic pressure on resting cerebral blood flow and its response to visual stimulation. NeuroImage 66, pp. 479-488. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.10.049)
- Bright, M. G. and Murphy, K. 2013. Removing motion and physiological artifacts from intrinsic BOLD fluctuations using short echo data. NeuroImage 64, pp. 526-537. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.09.043)
- Wise, R. G., Harris, A. D., Stone, A. and Murphy, K. 2013. Measurement of OEF and absolute CMRO2: MRI-based methods using interleaved and combined hypercapnia and hyperoxia. NeuroImage 83, pp. 135-147. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.06.008)
- Bright, M. G. and Murphy, K. 2013. Reliable quantification of BOLD fMRI cerebrovascular reactivity despite poor breath-hold performance. NeuroImage 83, pp. 559-568. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.07.007)
- Harris, A. D., Murphy, K., Diaz, C., Saxena, N., Hall, J. E., Liu, T. T. and Wise, R. G. 2013. Cerebral blood flow response to acute hypoxic hypoxia. NMR in Biomedicine 26(12), pp. 1844-1852. (10.1002/nbm.3026)
- Tailor, N., Warnert, E. A., Stone, A., Harris, A. D., Murphy, K., Hall, J. E. and Wise, R. G. 2012. Non-invasive measurement of brainstem blood flow in normocapnia and hypercapnia using arterial spin labelling MRI [Abstract]. Anaesthesia 67(S2), pp. 18. (10.1111/anae.12032)
- Diukova, A., Ware, J. J., Smith, J. E., Evans, C. J., Murphy, K., Rogers, P. J. and Wise, R. G. 2012. Separating neural and vascular effects of caffeine using simultaneous EEG-FMRI: Differential effects of caffeine on cognitive and sensorimotor brain responses. NeuroImage 62(1), pp. 239-249. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.041)
- Saad, Z. S., Gotts, S. J., Murphy, K., Chen, G., Joon, J. H., Martin, A. and Cox, R. W. 2012. Trouble at rest: how correlation patterns and group differences become distorted after global signal regression. Brain Connectivity 2(1), pp. 25-32. (10.1089/brain.2012.0080)
- Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. 2012. Neural correlates of the psychedelic state as determined by fMRI studies with psilocybin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109(6), pp. 2138-2143. (10.1073/pnas.1119598109)
- Murphy, K., Harris, A. D., Diukova, A., Evans, C. J., Lythgoe, D. J., Zelaya, F. and Wise, R. G. 2011. Pulsed arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging at 3 T: estimating the number of subjects required in common designs of clinical trials. Magnetic Resonance Imaging 29(10), pp. 1382-1389. (10.1016/j.mri.2011.02.030)
- Murphy, K., Harris, A. D. and Wise, R. G. 2011. Robustly measuring vascular reactivity differences with breath-hold: Normalising stimulus-evoked and resting state BOLD fMRI data. NeuroImage 54(1), pp. 369-379. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.07.059)
- Hester, R., Murphy, K., Brown, F. L. and Skilleter, A. J. 2010. Punishing an error improves learning: the influence of punishment magnitude on error-related neural activity and subsequent learning. The Journal of Neuroscience 30(46), pp. 15600-15607. (10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2565-10.2010)
- Edden, R. A. E. et al. 2010. Edited MRS is sensitive to changes in lactate concentration during inspiratory hypoxia. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 32(2), pp. 320-325. (10.1002/jmri.22233)
- Hester, R., Madeley, J., Murphy, K. and Mattingley, J. B. 2009. Learning from errors: Error-related neural activity predicts improvements in future inhibitory control performance. The Journal of Neuroscience 29(22), pp. 7158-7165. (10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4337-08.2009)
- Murphy, K., Birn, R. M., Handwerker, D. A., Jones, T. B. and Bandettini, P. A. 2009. The impact of global signal regression on resting state correlations: are anti-correlated networks introduced?. NeuroImage 44(3), pp. 893-905. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.09.036)
- Birn, R. M., Murphy, K., Handwerker, D. A. and Bandettini, P. A. 2009. fMRI in the presence of task-correlated breathing variations. NeuroImage 47(3), pp. 1092-1104. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.030)
- Hester, R., Barre, N., Murphy, K., Silk, T. J. and Mattingley, J. B. 2008. Human Medial Frontal Cortex Activity Predicts Learning from Errors. Cerebral Cortex 18(8), pp. 1933-1940. (10.1093/cercor/bhm219)
- Birn, R. M., Murphy, K. and Bandettini, P. A. 2008. The effect of respiration variations on independent component analysis results of resting state functional connectivity. Human Brain Mapping 29(7), pp. 740-750. (10.1002/hbm.20577)
- Fassbender, C., Hester, R., Murphy, K., Foxe, J. J., Foxe, D. M. and Garavan, H. 2008. Prefrontal and midline interactions mediating behavioural control. European Journal of Neuroscience 29(1), pp. 181-187. (10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06557.x)
- Bodurka, J., Ye, F., Petridou, N., Murphy, K. and Bandettini, P. A. 2007. Mapping the MRI voxel volume in which thermal noise matches physiological noise - implications for fMRI. Neuroimage 34(2), pp. 542-549. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.09.039)
- Murphy, K., Bodurka, J. and Bandettini, P. A. 2007. How long to scan? The relationship between fMRI temporal signal to noise ratio and necessary scan duration. Neuroimage 34(2), pp. 565-574. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.09.032)
- Fassbender, C., Simoes-Franklin, C., Murphy, K., Hester, R., Meaney, J., Robertson, I. H. and Garavan, H. 2006. The Role of a Right Fronto-Parietal Network in Cognitive Control. Journal of Psychophysiology 20(4), pp. 286-296. (10.1027/0269-8803.20.4.286)
- Garavan, H., Hester, R., Murphy, K., Fassbender, C. and Kelly, C. 2006. Individual differences in the functional neuroanatomy of inhibitory control. Brain Research 1105(1), pp. 130-142. (10.1016/j.brainres.2006.03.029)
- Murphy, K., Dixon, V., LaGrave, K., Kaufman, J., Risinger, R., Bloom, A. and Garavan, H. 2006. A validation of event-related FMRI comparisons between drug groups and controls. American Journal of Psychiatry 163(7), pp. 1245-1251.
- Murphy, K. and Garavan, H. 2005. Deriving the optimal number of events for an event-related fMRI study based on the spatial extent of activation. Neuroimage 27(4), pp. 771-777. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.05.007)
- Kübler, A., Murphy, K. and Garavan, H. 2005. Cocaine dependence and attention switching within and between verbal and visuospatial working memory. European Journal of Neuroscience 21(7), pp. 1984-1992. (10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04027.x)
- Hester, R., Murphy, K. and Garavan, H. 2004. Beyond common resources: the cortical basis for resolving task interference. Neuroimage 23(1), pp. 202-212. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.05.024)
- Hester, R. L., Murphy, K., Foxe, J. J., Foxe, D. M., Javitt, D. C. and Garavan, H. 2004. Predicting success: patterns of cortical activation and deactivation prior to response inhibition. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16(5), pp. 776-785. (10.1162/089892904970726)
- Kelly, A. M. C., Hester, R., Murphy, K., Javitt, D. C., Foxe, J. J. and Garavan, H. 2004. Prefrontal-subcortical dissociations underlying inhibitory control revealed by event-related fMRI. European Journal of Neuroscience 19(11), pp. 3105-3112. (10.1111/j.0953-816X.2004.03429.x)
- Murphy, K. and Garavan, H. 2004. An empirical investigation into the number of subjects required for an event-related fMRI study. Neuroimage 22(2), pp. 879-885. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.02.005)
- Murphy, K. and Garavan, H. 2004. Artifactual fMRI group and condition differences driven by performance confounds. Neuroimage 21(1), pp. 219-228. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.016)
- Fassbender, C., Murphy, K., Foxe, J. J., Wylie, G. R., Javitt, D. C., Robertson, I. H. and Garavan, H. 2004. A topography of executive functions and their interactions revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Cognitive Brain Research 20(2), pp. 132-143. (10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.02.007)
- Burke, D., Murphy, K., Garavan, H. and Reilly, R. 2004. Pattern Recognition Approach to the Detection of Single-Trial Event-Related FMRI. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 42(5), pp. 604-609. (10.1007/BF02347541)
- Kübler, A., Murphy, K., Kaufman, J., Stein, E. A. and Garavan, H. 2003. Co-ordination within and between verbal and visuospatial working memory: network modulation and anterior frontal recruitment. NeuroImage 20(2), pp. 1298-1308. (10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00400-2)
- Garavan, H., Ross, T. J., Murphy, K., Roche, R. A. P. and Stein, E. A. 2002. Dissociable executive functions in the dynamic control of behavior: inhibition, error detection, and correction. NeuroImage 17(4), pp. 1820-1829. (10.1006/nimg.2002.1326)
Conferences
- Wright, M. E. et al. 2024. OP-07 Retinal and cortical vascular function across the menstrual cycle. Presented at: Women in Vision UK Winter Meeting 2023, Cambridge, UK, 12 December 2023, Vol. 9., (10.1136/bmjoo-2024-WVUK.7)
- Watkins, L., Plumley, A., Murphy, K. and Kopanoglu, E. 2020. Motion robust parallel transmission excitation pulse design for ultra-high field MRI. Presented at: ISMRM & SMRT Virtual Conference & Exhibition 2020, Online, 8-14 August 2020.
- Prokopiou, P. C., Murphy, K., Wise, R. G. and Mitsis, G. D. 2016. Estimation of voxel-wise dynamic cerebrovascular reactivity curves from resting-state fMRI data. Presented at: 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Orlando, FL, USA, 16-20 August 2016 Presented at Patton, J. et al. eds.2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC 2016): Proceedings of a meeting held 16-20 August 2016, Orlando, Florida, USA. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE pp. 1143-1146., (10.1109/EMBC.2016.7590906)
Websites
- Chandler, H. L., Wise, R. G., Linden, D. E., Williams, J., Murphy, K. and Lancaster, T. M. 2021. Alzheimer's genetic risk effects on cerebral blood flow are spatially consistent and proximal to gene expression across the lifespan. [Online]. bioRxiv. (10.1101/2020.12.31.424949v1) Available at: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.31.424949
Research
Between 2010 and 2015, I held a Research Career Development Fellowship (RCDF), awarded by the Wellcome Trust. With my RCDF, I aimed to relate fMRI signals more directly to neural activity by removing cerebrovascular confounds. My first RCDF studies focussed on removing physiological confounds to reveal neural activity-related signals with breath-hold techniques. I helped develop a technique to quantify absolute oxygen consumption; an estimate of energy requirements during baseline neural activity.
My group has since shifted its research focus to assessing cerebrovascular function using these "confounds". We developed a reliable method to measure cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in clinical populations and used it to assess CVR recovery after stroke . We have established the link between blood pressure and BOLD signals, demonstrating that cerebral autoregulation is measurable with fMRI. To this end, we have developed an MR-compatible lower body negative pressure (LBNP) device and have demonstrated differential changes in tone along the vascular tree to the challenge.
We have demonstrated that for every neural network, a similar vascular network exists supporting the hypothesis that local vessels and neurons should be considered single functional units. We have shown that current measures of neurovascular coupling are dependent on baseline CBF, prompting a radical rethink of the mechanisms involved. With magenetoencaphalography (MEG), we have shown that neuronal oscillatory power is intimately linked with fluctuations in arterial CO2 concentrations during spontaneous breathing.
My current research program is funded by a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship, started in Sept 2016. In an ageing population, neurological problems related to control of brain blood flow are increasing, generating an unsustainable socioeconomic burden. During my SRF, I plan to develop a pragmatic fMRI-based tool to assess the health of the brain's blood vessels. This will improve understanding of normal brain physiology, opening opportunities to track deterioration of cerebrovascular health during ageing, allowing early intervention in neurological disorders.
FMRI is an ideal method to achieve this vision. The key goal is to provide researchers and clinicians with fMRI tools to assess brain vascular health. Localised brain blood flow is mainly controlled by smooth muscles around the arterioles. We will quantify the health of vessel function by measuring changes in arteriolar blood volume during cerebrovascular processes (autoregulation/reactivity) by developing direct and indirect MRI measures of such function. The indirect measure will combine a comprehensive cerebrovascular function model with widely-available, non-specialised BOLD fMRI scans, helping to maximise accessibility of the technique. Age and disease-related changes in this cerebrovascular measure will be investigated. By providing a new window into cerebrovascular health, this tool aims to help researchers mitigate neurological dysfunction in an ageing population.
Biography
I have a BA in Theoretical Physics, a MSc in High Performance Computing and was awarded my PhD in NeuroImaging Methods in 2005 by Trinity College Dublin. My first post-doctoral position was at the Section on Functional Imaging Methods, National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, USA. In 2008, I moved to the Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC) to work on a Pfizer-sponsored project to improve the interpretability of human pharmacological fMRI. I was awarded a Research Career Development Fellowship in 2010 to remain at CUBRIC to investigate age-related vascular influences on neurovascular coupling. I am currently Professor of Brain Imaging in the School of Physics and Astronomy, CUBRIC, Cardiff University where I am Head of the recently-formed Brain Imaging Group. Funded by a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship, my research focuses on developing MRI-based tools to assess the health of the brain's blood vessels during ageing and disease.
Contact Details
MurphyK2@cardiff.ac.uk
+44 29206 88743
Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Room 1.038, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ
+44 29206 88743
Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Room 1.038, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ