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Anne Rosser  PhD, FRCP

Professor Anne Rosser

PhD, FRCP

Professor of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences

School of Medicine

Overview

Research overview

Advances in our understanding of mechanisms of cell death, plasticity and regeneration in the central nervous system offer new opportunities for remediation and repair in several of the most distressing neurodegenerative diseases of adulthood, in particular Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. In the Brain Repair Group, we are seeking to develop new strategies for therapy based on a multidisciplinary approach in several converging problems.

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Research

Advances in our understanding of mechanisms of cell death, plasticity and regeneration in the central nervous system offer new opportunities for remediation and repair in several of the most distressing neurodegenerative diseases of adulthood, in particular Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. In the Brain Repair Group, we are seeking to develop new strategies for therapy based on a multidisciplinary approach in several converging problems.

Models of disease

We require valid models of disease in order to evaluate novel treatments. We compare neurochemical, excitotoxic, metabolic and transgenic strategies, both in vitro and in vivo, for their accuracy in reproducing the specific patterns of neuropathology and mechanisms of cell death observed in human disease, and for their reliability in providing stable models within which to compare different treatments strategies.

Neural transplantation

Improving the yield of surviving cells has turned out to be a key factor in viability of neural transplantation in Parkinson's disease, and this is likely to be of equal importance when applied to other neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease or multiple sclerosis. We are working to refine the methods for neural transplantation into the nervous system to yield optimal survival and growth of the implanted cells. Critical factors involve identification, dissection and handling of embryonic donor cells, and the surgical implantation protocols that maximise accuracy of placement and minimise trauma both to the host and to the implants.

Alternative cells for therapy

The successful clinical trials of transplantation have to date all used embryonic donor tissues. However, whereas surgeries based on using human embryonic tissues can provide a 'proof of principle' the long term development and wider availability of neural transplantation is critically dependent on the identification of more readily available alternative sources of cells. We are actively exploring expanded populations of human stem cells, xenografts, and genetically manipulated cells and cell lines for their ability to provide safer and more readily available alternative to primary embryonic neurones for transplantation.

Neuroprotection

A complementary approach to cell transplantation (which involves replacing cells once already lost) is to protect damaged or traumatised neurones of the host brain from the assault of injury or disease. A wide number of compounds have been identified which have the potential to block processes of cell death and to promote regrowth of damaged cells, including growth factors, antiapoptotic agents, antioxidants and transcription factors. However a common problem for their use is that they don't get into the brain when injected or ingested peripherally. We are developing ways to deliver neuroprotective agents into precise sites in the brain both by engineering cells for transplantation ('ex vivo gene therapy') and by using viral vectors for direct intracerebral delivery ('in vivo gene therapy').

Neurological assessment

The viability of each strategy needs to be evaluated in functional models of the disease. This requires development of behavioural and other functional models of assessment that are both sensitive to the neuroanatomical systems under investigation and relevant to the specific diseases targeted. A key component of our programme is to refine methods of functional analysis according to these dual goals, with a particular focus on objective operant tests of motor and cognitive function.

Grants

MRC (ND Allen, AE Rosser & SB Dunnett
Development of a platform to generate clinical grade neural progenitors for transplantation in Huntington's disease
Newly awarded

UKSCF/MRC Project grant (SB Dunnett & AE Rosser)
Validity, specificity and yields of clinical grade primary and expanded human fetal cells for neural transplantation
£811,379
Feb 2008 – Feb 2011

MRC 5 year project grant (SB Dunnett & AE Rosser)
Development and validation of functional cell therapies for Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases
£1,600,653
Feb 2006 - 2011

Framework 6 EU (Coordinator Dr Marc Peschanski (France), UK partners ND Allen, AE Rosser and AL Jones, Cardiff University)
Stem cells for therapeutics and exploration of mechanisms in Huntington's disease
Nov 2006 – Nov 09

Aland Culture Foundation
Grant to support Huntington's disease research in Cardiff.
£23,935
October 2004 – October 2009

Collaborations

International

  • Dr Marc Peschanski, INSERM, Creteil, France
  • Members of NECTAR

Contact Details

Email RosserAE@cardiff.ac.uk
Telephone +44 29208 76654
Campuses Sir Martin Evans Building, Room 3.02, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX