Professor William Gray

2026

• Lonser, R. R. et al., 2026. Prescriptive approach to convective perfusion of the bilateral thalami for gene therapy. Operative Neurosurgery (10.1227/ons.0000000000002080)

2024

• Drew, C. et al. 2024. J025 Establishing feasibility for cell replacement therapy - outcomes from the trident (trial designs for delivery of novel therapies for neurodegeneration) trial [Abstract]. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 95 (S1) A170. (10.1136/jnnp-2024-EHDN.346)

2023

• Huttunen, H. J. et al., 2023. Intraputamenal cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor in Parkinson's disease: a randomized, double‐blind, multicenter phase 1 trial. Movement Disorders 38 (7), pp.1209-1222. (10.1002/mds.29426)
• Ferreira-Atuesta, C. et al., 2023. Predictive models for starting antiseizure medication withdrawal following epilepsy surgery in adults. Brain 146 (6), pp.2389–2398. (10.1093/brain/awac437)
• Brown, J. et al., 2023. A high-density 3-dimensional culture model of human glioblastoma for rapid screening of therapeutic resistance. Biochemical Pharmacology 208 115410. (10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115410)

2022

• Shastin, D. et al. 2022. Surface-based tracking for short association fibre tractography. NeuroImage 260 119423. (10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119423)
• Cuff, S. M. et al. 2022. Presence of ventriculoperitoneal and lumbar shunts stimulate long lasting non-inflammatory changes in the cerebrospinal fluid distinct from the response to bacterial infection. medRxiv (10.1101/2022.10.12.22280998)
• Westacott, L. J. et al. 2022. Complement C3 and C3aR mediate different aspects of emotional behaviours; relevance to risk for psychiatric disorder. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 99 , pp.70-82. (10.1016/j.bbi.2021.09.005)
• Sanders, B. et al. 2022. Transcriptional programs regulating neuronal differentiation are disrupted in DLG2 knockout human embryonic stem cells and enriched for schizophrenia and related disorders risk variants. Nature Communications 13 (1) 27. (10.1038/s41467-021-27601-0)

2021

• Bartley, O. J. M. et al. 2021. Do foetal transplant studies continue to be justified in Huntington's disease?. Neuronal Signaling 5 acerbic. (10.1042/NS20210019)
• Westacott, L. J. et al. 2021. Dissociable effects of complement C3 and C3aR on survival and morphology of adult born hippocampal neurons, pattern separation, and cognitive flexibility in male mice. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 98 , pp.136-150. (10.1016/j.bbi.2021.08.215)
• Chamberland, M. et al. 2021. Detecting microstructural deviations in individuals with deep diffusion MRI tractometry. Nature Computational Science 1 , pp.598-606. (10.1038/s43588-021-00126-8)
• Zaben, M. et al. 2021. IL-1β and HMGB1 are anti-neurogenic to endogenous neural stem cells in the sclerotic epileptic human hippocampus. Journal of Neuroinflammation 18 (1) 218. (10.1186/s12974-021-02265-1)
• Haan, N. et al. 2021. Haploinsufficiency of the schizophrenia and autism risk gene Cyfip1 causes abnormal postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis through microglial and Arp2/3 mediated actin dependent mechanisms. Translational Psychiatry 11 (1) 313. (10.1038/s41398-021-01415-6)
• Rosser, A. E. et al. 2021. Cell therapy for Huntington's disease: learning from failure. Movement Disorders 36 (3), pp.787-788. (10.1002/mds.28503)
• Ved, R. et al. 2021. Disulfide HMGB1 acts via TLR2/4 receptors to reduce the numbers of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells after traumatic injury in vitro. Scientific Reports 11 6181. (10.1038/s41598-021-84932-0)
• Badin, R. A. et al., 2021. Stem cells for Huntington’s disease (SC4HD): an international consortium to facilitate stem cell-based therapy for Huntington’s disease. Journal of Huntington's Disease 10 (2), pp.221-226. (10.3233/JHD-210473)
• Drew, C. et al. 2021. Protocol for an open label, phase I trial within a cohort of fetal cell transplants in people with Huntington’s disease. Brain Communications 3 (1) fcaa230. (10.1093/braincomms/fcaa230)

2020

• Cuff, S. M. et al. 2020. Toll-like receptor linked cytokine profiles in cerebrospinal fluid discriminate neurological infection from sterile inflammation. Brain Communications 2 (2) fcaa218. (10.1093/braincomms/fcaa218)
• Kansu, B. et al., 2020. Long-term outcomes after epilepsy surgery, a retrospective cohort study linking patient-reported outcomes and routine healthcare data. Epilepsy and Behavior 111 107196. (10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107196)
• Manivannan, S. et al., 2020. Glycyrrhizin blocks the detrimental effects of HMGB1 on cortical neurogenesis after traumatic neuronal injury. Brain Sciences 10 (10) 760. (10.3390/brainsci10100760)
• Postans, M. et al. 2020. Uncovering a role for the dorsal hippocampal commissure in recognition memory. Cerebral Cortex 30 (3), pp.1001-1015. (10.1093/cercor/bhz143)
• Sharouf, F. et al. 2020. C-reactive protein kinetics post elective cranial surgery. A prospective observational study. British Journal of Neurosurgery 34 (1), pp.46-50. (10.1080/02688697.2019.1680795)

2019

• Drew, C. J. G. et al. 2019. A protocol for a randomised controlled, double-blind feasibility trial investigating fluoxetine treatment in improving memory and learning impairments in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: Fluoxetine, Learning and Memory in Epilepsy (FLAME trial). Pilot and Feasibility Studies 5 (1) 87. (10.1186/s40814-019-0474-x)
• Christopher, E. et al., 2019. Outcomes following surgery in subgroups of comatose and very elderly patients with chronic subdural hematoma. Neurosurgical Review 42 (2), pp.427-431. (10.1007/s10143-018-0979-4)
• Manivannan, S. et al. 2019. The effectiveness of virtual reality interventions for improvement of neurocognitive performance post-traumatic brain injury: a systematic review. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 34 (2), pp.E52-E65. (10.1097/HTR.0000000000000412)

2018

• Messaritaki, E. et al. 2018. Improving the predictions of computational models of convection-enhanced drug delivery by accounting for diffusion non-Gaussianity. Frontiers in Neurology 9 1092. (10.3389/fneur.2018.01092)
• Shtaya, A. et al., 2018. AMPA receptors and seizures mediate hippocampal radial glia-like stem cell proliferation. GLIA 66 (11), pp.2397-2413. (10.1002/glia.23479)

2017

• Jamjoom, A. A. B. et al., 2017. Prospective, multicentre study of external ventricular drainage-related infections in the UK and Ireland. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry (10.1136/jnnp-2017-316415)
• Brennan, P. M. et al., 2017. The management and outcome for patients with chronic subdural hematoma: a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study in the United Kingdom. Journal of Neurosurgery 127 (4), pp.732-739. (10.3171/2016.8.JNS16134)
• Chamberland, M. et al. 2017. Interactive computation and visualization of structural connectomes in real-time. Presented at: CNI 2017: International Workshop on Connectomics in Neuroimaging Quebec City, QC, Canada 14 September 2017. Published in: Wu, G. et al., Connectomics in NeuroImaging. Vol. 10511.Lecture Notes in Computer Science Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag. , pp.35-41. (10.1007/978-3-319-67159-8_5)
• Khan, D. et al., 2017. GalR3 mediates galanin proliferative effects on postnatal hippocampal precursors. Neuropeptides 63 , pp.14-17. (10.1016/j.npep.2017.04.002)

2016

• Pascente, R. et al., 2016. Cognitive deficits and brain myo-Inositol are early biomarkers of epileptogenesis in a rat model of epilepsy. Neurobiology of Disease 93 , pp.146-155. (10.1016/j.nbd.2016.05.001)
• Hamandi, K. et al. 2016. Retinotopic fMRI and tumour resection in a case with occipital lobe epilepsy. Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy 41 , pp.175-178. (10.1016/j.seizure.2016.08.006)
• Stevens, O. A. C. et al., 2016. Miniature standoff Raman probe for neurosurgical applications. Journal of Biomedical Optics 21 (8) 087002. (10.1117/1.JBO.21.8.087002)
• Lidster, K. et al., 2016. Opportunities for improving animal welfare in rodent models of epilepsy and seizures. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 260 , pp.2-25. (10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.09.007)

2015

• Jamjoom, A. A. B. et al., 2015. External ventricular drainage: Is it time to look at national practice?. British Journal of Neurosurgery , pp.1. (10.3109/02688697.2014.957162)

2014

• Gray, W. P. and Cheung, A. 2014. Nitric oxide regulation of adult neurogenesis. In: Litwack, G. ed. Vitamins and Hormones. Vol. 96, Elsevier. , pp.59-77. (10.1016/B978-0-12-800254-4.00004-0)
• Coulter, I. C. et al., 2014. Proposal for a prospective multi-centre audit of chronic subdural haematoma management in the United Kingdom and Ireland. British Journal of Neurosurgery 28 (2), pp.199-203. (10.3109/02688697.2013.835378)
• Kolias, A. G. et al., 2014. Chronic subdural haematoma: How can we improve patient care and outcomes?. British Journal of Neurosurgery 28 (1), pp.136-137. (10.3109/02688697.2013.869555)
• Nunan, R. et al., 2014. Microglial VPAC1R mediates a novel mechanism of neuroimmune-modulation of hippocampal precursor cells via IL-4 release. Glia 62 (8), pp.1313-1327. (10.1002/glia.22682)
• Stevens, O. A. C. et al., 2014. A low background Raman probe for optical biopsy of brain tissue. Presented at: Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy VI: Advances in Research and Industry San Francisco, CA, USA 1 February 2014. Published in: Mahadevan-Jansen, A. and Petrich, W. eds. Proc. SPIE 8939, Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy VI: Advances in Research and Industry. Vol. 8939.Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. , pp.89390W. (10.1117/12.2044139)

2013

• Kolias, A. G. et al., 2013. A report from the inaugural meeting of the British Neurosurgical Trainee Research Collaborative held in the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 19 October 2012. British Journal of Neurosurgery 27 (3), pp.307-310. (10.3109/02688697.2013.781122)
• Kolias, A. G. et al., 2013. A report from the inaugural meeting of the British Neurosurgical Trainee Research Collaborative held in the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 19 October 2012 [Article]. British Journal of Neurosurgery 27 (3), pp.307-310. (10.3109/02688697.2013.781122)
• Beaton, A. E. et al., 2013. Corrigendum to “Transsylvian selective amygdalohippocampectomy in children with hippocampal sclerosis: Seizure, intellectual and memory outcome” [Seizure 21 (2012) 699–705]. Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy 22 (5), pp.411. (10.1016/j.seizure.2013.02.004)
• Cenydd, L. A. et al., 2013. A tablet-based neurosurgery training tool. In: Medicine Meets Virtual Reality 20. Studies in health technology and informatics IoS Press. , pp.20-23.
• Howell, O. W. et al., 2013. Corrigendum to 'Neuropeptide Y is important for basal and seizure-induced precursor cell proliferation in the hippocampus' [Neurobiol. Dis. 26/1 (2007) 174?188]. Neurobiology of Disease 49 , pp.199. (10.1016/j.nbd.2012.06.006)
• Jiruska, P. et al., 2013. Dentate gyrus progenitor cell proliferation after the onset of spontaneous seizures in the tetanus toxin model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurobiology of Disease 54 , pp.492-498. (10.1016/j.nbd.2013.02.001)
• Renzel, R. et al., 2013. Polarized distribution of AMPA, but not GABAA, receptors in radial glia-like cells of the adult dentate gyrus. Glia 61 (7), pp.1146-1154. (10.1002/glia.22505)
• Zaben, M. J. A. and Gray, W. P. 2013. Neuropeptides and hippocampal neurogenesis. Neuropeptides 47 (6), pp.431-438. (10.1016/j.npep.2013.10.002)

2012

• Cheung, A. et al., 2012. Intracellular nitric oxide mediates neuroproliferative effect of neuropeptide Y on postnatal hippocampal precursor cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry 287 (24), pp.20187-20196. (10.1074/jbc.M112.346783)
• Ahmed, A. I. et al., 2012. Endogenous GFAP-positive neural stem/progenitor cells in the postnatal mouse cortex are activated following traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma 29 (5), pp.828-842. (10.1089/neu.2011.1923)
• Barkas, L. et al., 2012. Fluoxetine restores spatial learning but not accelerated forgetting in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain: a Journal of Neurology 135 (8), pp.2358-2374. (10.1093/brain/aws176)
• Beaton, A. E. et al., 2012. Transsylvian selective amygdalohippocampectomy in children with hippocampal sclerosis: Seizure, intellectual and memory outcome. Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy 21 (9), pp.699-705. (10.1016/j.seizure.2012.07.012)
• Bulstrode, H. et al., 2012. A-Disintegrin and Metalloprotease (ADAM) 10 and 17 promote self-renewal of brain tumor sphere forming cells. Cancer Letters 326 (1), pp.79-87. (10.1016/j.canlet.2012.07.022)
• Rodgers, W. P. et al., 2012. Interrater reliability of Engel, International League Against Epilepsy, and McHugh seizure outcome classifications following vagus nerve stimulator implantation. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 10 (3), pp.226-229. (10.3171/2012.6.PEDS11424)

2011

• Abbosh, C. et al., 2011. GalR2/3 mediates proliferative and trophic effects of galanin on postnatal hippocampal precursors. Journal of Neurochemistry 117 (3), pp.425-436. (10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07204.x)
• Ahmed, A. , Zaben, M. J. A. and Gray, W. P. 2011. Stem cells in the adult human brain. British Journal of Neurosurgery 25 (1), pp.28-37. (10.3109/02688697.2010.525264)
• Durnford, A. et al., 2011. Very good inter-rater reliability of Engel and ILAE epilepsy surgery outcome classifications in a series of 76 patients. Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy 20 (10), pp.809-812. (10.1016/j.seizure.2011.08.004)
• Sadek, A. and Gray, W. P. 2011. Chopping and changing: long-term results of epilepsy surgery. The Lancet 378 (9800), pp.1360-1362. (10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61593-6)
• Sadek, A. et al., 2011. Seizure-induced miosis. Epilepsia 52 (12), pp.e199-e203. (10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03310.x)

2010

• Barkas, L. et al., 2010. Selective temporal resections and spatial memory impairment: Cue dependent lateralization effects. Behavioural Brain Research 208 (2), pp.535-544. (10.1016/j.bbr.2009.12.035)
• Rodrigo, C. et al., 2010. NPY augments the proliferative effect of FGF2 and increases the expression of FGFR1 on nestin positive postnatal hippocampal precursor cells, via the Y1 receptor. Journal of Neurochemistry 113 (3), pp.615-627. (10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06633.x)
• Watkins, A. J. et al., 2010. Maternal low-protein diet during mouse pre-implantation development induces vascular dysfunction and altered renin-angiotensin-system homeostasis in the offspring. British Journal of Nutrition 103 (12), pp.1762-1770. (10.1017/S0007114509993783)

2009

• Barkas, L. and Gray, W. P. 2009. Learning and memory impairment in chronic temporal lobe epilepsy [Conference Material]. Epilepsia 50 , pp.162-162.
• Shtaya, A. , Pringle, A. and Gray, W. P. 2009. Kainate is both trophic and proliferative for hippocampal precursors via ampa receptors in vitro and has differential effects on proliferation kinetics in the subgranular zone and granule cell layer after seizure induction in vivo [Conference material]. Epilepsia 50 , pp.180-180.
• Zaben, M. J. A. et al. 2009. The neurotransmitter VIP expands the pool of symmetrically dividing postnatal dentate gyrus precursors via VPAC2 receptors or directs them toward a neuronal fate via VPAC1 receptors. Stem Cells 27 (10), pp.2539-2551. (10.1002/stem.184)

2008

• Gray, W. P. 2008. Neuropeptide Y signalling on hippocampal stem cells in health and disease. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 288 (1-2), pp.52-62. (10.1016/j.mce.2008.02.021)
• Gupta, D. , James, C. J. and Gray, W. P. 2008. Phase synchronization with ICA for epileptic seizure onset prediction in the long term EEG.. Presented at: 4th International Conference on Advances in Medical Signal and Information Processing Santa Margherita Ligure, Italy) 14-16 July 2008. Advances in Medical, Signal and Information Processing, 2008, MEDSIP 2008, 4th IET International Conference. Vol. 2008.IET Conference Publications Vol. CP540. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE(10.1049/cp:20080427)
• Vajramani, G. et al., 2008. Bilingual aphasia due to spontaneous acute subdural haematoma from a ruptured intracranial infectious aneurysm. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 110 (8), pp.823-827. (10.1016/j.clineuro.2008.05.008)
• Watkins, A. et al., 2008. Low protein diet fed exclusively during mouse oocyte maturation leads to behavioural and cardiovascular abnormalities in offspring. Journal of Physiology 586 (8), pp.2231-2244. (10.1113/jphysiol.2007.149229)

2007

• Laskowski, A. et al., 2007. NPY mediates basal and seizure-induced proliferation in the subcallosal zone. NeuroReport 18 (10), pp.1005-1008. (10.1097/WNR.0b013e32815277ab)
• Howell, O. W. et al., 2007. Neuropeptide Y is important for basal and seizure-induced precursor cell proliferation in the hippocampus. Neurobiology of Disease 26 (1), pp.174-188. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2006.12.014)
• Scharfman, H. E. and Gray, W. P. 2007. Relevance of seizure-induced neurogenesis in animal models of epilepsy to the etiology of temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 48 (s2), pp.33-41. (10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01065.x)

2006

• Sadgrove, M. P. , Laskowski, A. and Gray, W. P. 2006. Examination of granule layer cell count, cell density, and single-pulse brdu incorporation in rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures with respect to culture medium, septotemporal position, and time in vitro. The Journal of Comparative Neurology 497 (3), pp.397. (10.1002/cne.21000)
• Scharfman, H. E. and Gray, W. P. 2006. Plasticity of neuropeptide Y in the dentate gyrus after seizures, and its relevance to seizure-induced neurogenesis. Exs -Basel- 95 , pp.193-211. (10.1007/3-7643-7417-9_15)

2005

• Vajramani, G. V. et al., 2005. Persistent and intractable ventriculitis due to retained ventricular catheters.. British Journal of Neurosurgery 19 (6), pp.496-501. (10.1080/02688690500495299)
• Walker, M. et al., 2005. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus: Epilepsy Research Foundation workshop reports. Epileptic Disorders 7 (3), pp.253-296.
• Howell, O. W. et al., 2005. Neuropeptide Y stimulates neuronal precursor proliferation in the post-natal and adult dentate gyrus. Journal of Neurochemistry 93 (3), pp.560-570. (10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03057.x)
• Sadgrove, M. P. , Chad, J. E. and Gray, W. P. 2005. Kainic acid induces rapid cell death followed by transiently reduced cell proliferation in the immature granule cell layer of rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. Brain Research 1035 (2), pp.111-119.

2003

• Howell, O. W. et al., 2003. Neuropeptide Y is neuroproliferative for post-natal hippocampal precursor cells. Journal of Neuroscience 86 (3), pp.646-659. (10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01895.x)
• Huttmann, K. et al., 2003. Seizures preferentially stimulate proliferation of radial glia-like astrocytes in the adult dentate gyrus: functional and immunocytochemical analysis. European Journal of Neuroscience 18 (10), pp.2769-2778. (10.1111/j.1460-9568.2003.03002.x)

2002

• Gray, W. P. , May, K. and Sundström, L. E. 2002. Seizure induced dentate neurogenesis does not diminish with age in rats. Neuroscience Letters 330 (3), pp.235-238. (10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00810-8)

1999

• Hinterkeuser, S. et al., 1999. Characterization of astrocytic proliferation in rat dentate gyrus. Journal of Neurochemistry 73 , pp.S70-S70.
• Parent, J. M. , Gage, F. H. and Gray, W. P. 1999. Altered postnatal neurogenesis as a form of seizure-induced brain plasticity. Epilepsia 40 , pp.1-1.

1998

• Gray, W. P. and Sundstrom, L. E. 1998. Kainic acid increases the proliferation of granule cell progenitors in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat. Brain Research 790 (1-2), pp.52-59. (10.1016/S0006-8993(98)00030-4)
• Gray, W. P. , Somers, J. and Buckley, T. F. 1998. Report of a national neurosurgical emergency teleconsulting system. Neurosurgery 42 (1), pp.103-107. (10.1097/00006123-199801000-00020)

1997

• Gray, W. P. , Keohane, C. and Kirwan, W. O. 1997. Motor nerve transplantation. Journal of Neurosurgery 87 (4), pp.615-624. (10.3171/jns.1997.87.4.0615)
• Gray, W. P. et al. 1997. Benefits and pitfalls of telemedicine in neurosurgery. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 3 (2), pp.108-110. (10.1258/1357633971930959)
• Gray, W. P. , Somers, J. and Buckley, T. F. 1997. Report of a national neurosurgical teleradiology system. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 3 (1), pp.36-37. (10.1258/1357633961929718)

1996

• Gray, W. P. et al. 1996. A clinical study of parenchymal and subdural miniature strain-gauge transducers for monitoring intracranial pressure. Neurosurgery 39 (5), pp.927-931. (10.1097/00006123-199711000-00051)

1990

• O'Sullivan, M. G. J. , Gray, W. P. and Buckley, T. F. 1990. Extradural haematoma in the Irish Republic: An analysis of 82 cases with emphasis on 'delay'. British Journal of Surgery 77 (12), pp.1391-1394. (10.1002/bjs.1800771223)
• O'sullivan, M. G. , Gray, W. P. and Buckley, T. F. 1990. Non-neurosurgical operative intervention in head-injured patients. British Journal of Neurosurgery 4 (6), pp.473-478. (10.3109/02688699008993795)