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Anthony Hayes

Dr Anthony Hayes

Teams and roles for Anthony Hayes

  • Manager, Bioimaging Research Hub, School of Biosciences

    Biosi Administration

Overview

My background and interests are in bioimaging, connective tissue biology and extracellular matrix research.

I have been manager of the Bioimaging Research Hub in its various manifestations since 2005 and have wide expertise in light microscopy, specialising in confocal, lightsheet, and high throughput/high content imaging modalities. I have considerable experience in histology, immunohistochemistry, multiplexed  fluorescence labelling, cell culture and molecular biology.  I am also an experienced, trained electron microscopist. 

I play a key role in bringing the latest cutting edge imaging technologies to Cardiff University, including our latest Zeiss Celldiscoverer7/LSM900 system, and work with partners across the GW4 network to coordinate imaging provision and foster collaboration. I oversee cross-college training and application support of researchers from initial concept through to project completion on all Hub imaging systems and am responsible for maintaining excellent service standards across light microscopy and bioimaging, including implementation of LEAF standards to improve sustainability and efficiency.

Over the last thirty years I have published widely across the biomedical and lifesciences with a particular focus on the development, growth and repair of musculoskeletal connective tissues and the role of extracellular matrix and cell surface proteoglycans in stem cell niches. 

I have enjoyed productive research collaborations at local, national and international levels, worked with industrial clients and external organisations, and contributed to BIOSI teaching, including developing several e-learning resources for student pedagogy, microscopy training and science outreach and engagement purposes.

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Research

I have been research active for over thirty years and have published widely across the biomedical and life sciences, collaborating with researchers at local, national and international levels in diverse fields involving microscopy and bioimaging. Most of my published research involves the application of bioimaging to an understanding of the morphogenetic mechanisms underlying the ontogeny of musculoskeletal connective tissues.

Specifically, I am interested in the mechanisms by which connective tissue cells secrete and organise complex, highly ordered extracellular matrices and how these ordered matrices then influence cellular behaviour during subsequent tissue development, growth and repair. This theme was recently explored in two special issues of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 'Matrix embedded instructional cues direct tissue development and repair' which I guest-edited with a long-term collaborator at Sydney University, Dr Jim Melrose.

Most of my published work has focussed on two distinct connective tissues: the intervertebral disc and articular cartilage, both of which perform a shock absorbing role in the musculoskeletal system but do so in quite different ways. 

What is the intervertebral disc and why is it important? Intervertebral discs are composite structures that occur between bony vertebrae of the spine - they have a deformable cartilaginous core, the nucleus pulposus, surrounded by a fibrous outer ring, the annulus fibrosus, that consists of a cross-ply organisation of oriented collagenous sheets (much like a car tyre). This lamellar organisation of oriented collagen allows twisting and bending movements of the spine whilst resisting compressive loads exerted by the nucleus pulposus. During aging, the disc is prone to prolapse ('slipped disc') and other degenerative changes which result in tissue destruction, pain and disability. Once the complex tissue organisation of the disc is destroyed it cannot be restored, often necessitating surgical intervention and removal of the damaged disc or spinal fusion. Understanding how the disc develops may offer insights for repair strategies. My research has focussed on a number of areas in intervertebral disc biology, including the (i) developmental mechanisms underlying the initial cellular orientation phase in the annulus fibrosus, in which a cellular template for oriented collagen deposition is first established, and the subsequent deposition and organisation of oriented extracellular matrix material around this cellular scaffold to form the functional layers of the annulus fibrosus, (ii) the reciprocal interactions that occur between cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix in the maintenance of homeostasis during later growth and maturation of the intervertebral disc, and (iii) how these interactions may be compromised following trauma (e.g. 'slipped disc') or with age-related degenerative changes, e.g. osteoarthritis. 

What is articular cartilage and why is it important? Articular cartilage lines the articulating surface of bones in synovial joints. It functions to provide a smooth, low friction surface whilst resisting complex biomechanical loads experienced during gait. Like the intervertebral disc, articular cartilage is highly specialised to perform these functional roles. It is a highly stratified connective tissue that consists of distinct tissue zones, i.e., superficial, intermediate, deep, and calcified. Each tissue zone has characteristic differences in chondrocyte morphology, biochemical composition, and collagen fibre organisation. These structural differences endow unique biomechanical properties to the tissue as a whole, allowing it to respond appropriately to load. Despite this, articular cartilage is prone to age-related wear and tear with osteoarthritic changes progressing through the tissue strata over time and, ultimately, leading to destruction of the tissue necessitating joint replacement. Regneration of the articular cartilage tissue by stem cell therapy before this endpoint occurs is highly desirable. My research has shown that articular cartilage develops by a process of appositional growth during early joint formation. As articular chondrocytes progress through their differentiation pathway, regulated in part through Notch signalling, they give rise to each of the distinct tissue zones. This work led to the identification of a chondroprogenitor/articular cartilage stem cell with repair potential within the superficial zone, and the discovery of unique chondroitin sulphate motifs within the glycosaminoglycan chain structure of cell surface and pericellular proteoglycans within this stem cell niche. Mounting evidence indicates that these may be involved in regulating stem cell behaviour by modulating the activity of soluble signalling molecules, e.g., cytokines and growth factors, within the stem cell niche.

Understanding the morphogenetic mechansims underlying the development and growth of musculoskeletal connective tissues such as intervertebral disc and articular cartilage will continue to provide insights into potential repair strategies to offset degenerative joint disease. It is amazing to consider that these histologically distinct tissues have a similar range of extracellular matrix molecules, both soluble and structural, but it is how they are arranged and interact that endows the tissues with their unique functional properties.

Teaching

Over the last twenty years I have contributed to multiple teaching modules, practicals and workshops involving microscopy at the Bioimaging Research Hub and have been responsible for the supervision and training of undergraduates, PhD students, postgraduates and post-doctoral researchers in microscopy and bioimaging.

I have led on the development of several educational e-learning resources for student pedagogy, microscopy training/support and for science communication, outreach and engagement purposes. These include the following:

Virtual Microscopy Database for student teaching.  This internally-facing database contains over 1000 high resolution digitised slide scanned image mosaics of histological/biological samples together with supporting metadata curated into four separate sub-collections, i.e., histopathology, parasitology, entomology and plant biology. All imaging, data curation, database design, programming and implementation was undertaken in-house at the Bioimaging Research Hub. The database is now widely used across multiple teaching modules by the Schools of Bioscience and Dentistry. I am currently in the process of internationalising some of the content via the similarly-named, externally-facing Virtual Microscopy Database website maintained by the American Association of Anatomists. 

The 3D Pollen Library Collection hosted via NIH3D. An educational resource containing over two hundred published, DOI-referenced models of pollen grains and spores for 3D printing and immersive learning (i.e. VR and AR) experiences.This is the largest of its kind in the world with global reach. You can learn more about the development of this resource via a recent Royal Microscopy Society (RMS) In Focus Magazine article (link here) and through the Bioimaging Hub News website (see below).

Standard Operating Procedures Repository (internal). A comprehensive, wiki-based, one-stop-shop for microscopy training and support. Includes SOPs, advanced methodology, YouTube training videos and user manuals for all hub imaging equipment, educational webinars for microscopy and imaging, risk assessments, experimental design, facility charges, grant applications and a lot more.

Bioimaging Hub News website. An informal source of news and technical information designed to make researchers aware of how our facilities and services can help their research and to highlight new equipment, research, innovation and collaborations involving the Bioimaging Research Hub.

Full details of  all our e-learning and support resources are available via the Bioimaging Hub's Linktree page.

Biography

  • 1989 - 1992: BSc (Hons) Zoology (Swansea University)
  • 1992 - 1993: MSc Biological Electron Microscopy (Aberystwyth University)
  • 1994 - 1996: Research Technician: Confocal microscopy facility(Cardiff University)
  • 1996 - 1999: PhD Developmental Biology – Arthritis Research UK funded (Cardiff University). PhD Title: Development of the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc.
  • 1999 - 2005: Postdoctoral Research Assistant (Cardiff University)
  • 2005 - 2016: Research Fellow; Facility Manager, Bioimaging Unit (Cardiff University)
  • 2016 - present: Manager, Bioimaging Research Hub (Cardiff University).

Honours and awards

  • New Investigator Recognition award for presenting the outstanding scientific paper at the 1997 Orthopaedic Research Society meeting, San Francisco, CA

Engagement

I make significant contributions to science communication, engagement and outreach at Cardiff University and have collaborated at local, national and international levels with both scientists and artists to inspire the next generation of scientists and promote public awareness of science. 

You can read more about this work at the Bioimaging Hub News website (examples below) and through our social media channels (previously Twitter and now Linked In)

Contact Details

Email HayesAJ@cardiff.ac.uk
Telephone +44 29208 76611
Campuses Sir Martin Evans Building, Floor Ground Floor East, Room Cardiff School of Biosciences, The Sir Martin Evans Building (Room E/0.14A), Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX

Specialisms

  • Bioimaging
  • Microscopy
  • Musculoskeletal Biology
  • Connective Tissue Biology
  • Extracellular Matrix Research