Professor Shaun Tougher

Adrannau llyfrau

• Tougher, S. 2024. Court life in Byzantine Constantinople: The age of the Macedonian Dynasty (867-1056). In: Burgersdijk, D., Gerritsen, F. and Waal, W. eds. Constantinople through the Ages: The Visible City from Its Foundation to Contemporary Istanbul., Vol. 8. Cultural Interactions in the Mediterranean Brill, pp. 86-106., (10.1163/9789004710986_006)
• Tougher, S. 2024. The Macedonian dynasty in the life of Basil the Younger: people and places. In: Tougher, S. ed. Studies in Byzantine History and Culture. The Medieval Mediterranean Brill
• Tougher, S. 2024. Sex in Constantinople in the Sixth Century CE. In: Wiesner-Hanks, M. E. and Kuefler, M. eds. The Cambridge World History of Sexualities, vol. 3, Sites of Knowledge and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 47-66.
• Tougher, S. 2024. Daddy issues: Remembering Constantius I and his other children. In: Lenski, N., Rees, R. and van Nijf, O. eds. From East to West in Late Antiquity. Bari: Edipuglia
• Tougher, S. 2022. Generalship and gender in Byzantium: non-campaigning Emperors and Eunuch Generals in the Age of the Macedonian Dynasty. In: Evans, R. and Tougher, S. eds. Generalship in Ancient Greece, Rome and Byzantium. Edinburgh University Press, pp. 264-283.
• Tougher, S. and Llewellyn-Jones, L. 2022. Alexander the gay and the gloryhole that was Greece. In: Stoneman, R. ed. A History of Alexander the Great in World Culture. Cambridge University Press, pp. 424-447., (10.1017/9781316711798.020)
• Tougher, S. 2021. Eudokia Ingerina and the "Macedonian Dynasty": The visible woman. In: Chiriatti, M. C. and Marin, R. V. eds. Mujeres Imperiales, Mujeres Reales: Representaciones públicas y representaciones del poder en la Antigüedad tardía y Bizancio. Brill, pp. 357-372.
• Tougher, S. 2021. Basil the Younger comes to stay. Eunuchs and other male friends in Constantinopolitan households. In: James, L., Nicholson, O. and Scott, R. eds. After the Text. Byzantine Enquiries in Honour of Margaret Mullett. Birmingham Byzantine and Ottoman Studies Abingdon and New York: Routledge, pp. 233-240.
• Baker-Brian, N. J. and Tougher, S. 2020. Introduction: In the shadows of Constantine and Julian: The sons of Constantine, AD 337-361. In: Baker-Brian, N. J. and Tougher, S. eds. The Sons of Constantine, AD 337-361: In the Shadows of Constantine and Julian. New Approaches to Byzantine History and Culture Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, (10.1007/978-3-030-39898-9)
• Tougher, S. 2020. Julian and Claudius Mamertinus: Panegyric and Polemic in East and West. In: Omissi, A. and Ross, A. J. eds. Imperial Panegyric from Diocletian to Honorius. Liverpool University Press, pp. 117-140.
• Tougher, S. 2020. Eusebia and Eusebius: the roles and significance of Constantinian imperial women and court eunuchs. In: Baker-Brian, N. J. and Tougher, S. eds. The Sons of Constantine, AD 337-361: In the Shadows of Constantine and Julian. New Approaches to Byzantine History and Culture Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 185-220.
• Tougher, S. 2019. Macedonian mirrors: The advice of Basil I for his son Leo VI. In: Roksam, G. and Schorn, S. eds. Concepts of Ideal Rulership from Antiquity to the Renaissance. Brepols, pp. 355-382., (10.1484/M.LECTIO-EB.5.116070)
• Tougher, S. 2019. Byzantine eunuchs as generals: The case of Narses. In: Grunbart, M. ed. Verflechtungen zwischen Byzanz und dem Orient., Vol. 9. Lit Verlag, pp. 93-102.
• Tougher, S. 2018. Gendering grief: Emotional eunuchs - consoling Constantine the Paphlagonian. In: Constantinou, S. and Meyer, M. eds. Emotions and Gender in Byzantine Culture. New Approaches to Byzantine History and Culture Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 93-107., (10.1007/978-3-319-96038-8_4)
• Tougher, S. 2018. Julian Augustus on Augustus: Octavian in the 'Caesars'. In: Goodman, P. J. ed. Afterlives of Augustus, AD 14-2014. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 87-102.
• Tougher, S. 2017. Byzantine court eunuchs and the Macedonian dynasty (867-1056): Family, power and gender. In: Hofert, A. and Mesley, M. M. eds. Celibate and Childless Men in Power. Ruling Eunuchs and Bishops in the Pre-Modern World. Routledge, pp. 229-245.
• Tougher, S. 2017. Periodization. In: Loughran, T. ed. A Practical Guide to Studying History. Bloomsbury, pp. 31-45.
• Tougher, S. 2015. Eunuchs in the East, men in the West? Dis/unity, gender and orientalism in the Fourth Century. In: Dijkstra, R., van Poppel, S. and Slootjes, D. eds. East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?., Vol. 5. Radboud Studies in Humanities Brill, pp. 147-163., (10.1163/9789004291935_010)
• Tougher, S. 2015. Robert Graves as historical novelist: Count Belisarius - Genesis, gender, and truth. In: Gibson, A. G. G. ed. Robert Graves and the Classical Tradition. Classical Presences Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 77-97.
• Tougher, S. F. 2013. Imperial families: The case of the Macedonians. In: Brubaker, L. and Tougher, S. F. eds. Approaches to the Byzantine Family. Birmingham Byzantine and Ottoman Studies Vol. 14. Ashgate, pp. 303-326.
• Tougher, S. F. 2013. Bearding Byzantium: Masculinity, eunuchs and the Byzantine life course. In: Neil, B. and Garland, L. eds. Questions of Gender in Byzantine Society. Farnham: Ashgate, pp. 153-166.
• Tougher, S. F. 2013. The aesthetics of castration: the beauty of Roman eunuchs. In: Tracy, L. ed. Castration and Culture in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Boydell & Brewer, pp. 48-72.
• Tougher, S. F. 2012. Reading between the lines: Julian's first panegyric on Constantius II. In: Baker-Brian, N. and Tougher, S. F. eds. Emperor and Author: The Writings of Julian 'the Apostate'. Swansea: The Classical Press of Wales, pp. 19-34.
• Baker-Brian, N. and Tougher, S. F. 2012. Introduction. In: Baker-Brian, N. and Tougher, S. F. eds. Emperor and Author: The Writings of Julian the Apostate. Swansea: The Classical Press of Wales, pp. xiii-xxi.
• Tougher, S. F. 2012. Eyeing up eunuchs: Western perceptions of Byzantine cultural difference. In: Lambert, S. and Nicholson, H. J. eds. Languages of Love and Hate: Conflict, Communication, and Identity in the Medieval Mediterranean. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 87-97.
• Tougher, S. F. 2012. Imperial blood: Family relationships in the dynasty of Constantine the Great. In: Harlow, M. and Larsson Loven, L. eds. Families in the Roman and Late Antique World. The Family in Antiquity Vol. 2. London: Continuum, pp. 181-198.
• Tougher, S. F. 2010. Cherchez l'homme! Byzantine men: a eunuch perspective. In: Stephenson, P. ed. The Byzantine World. Routledge Worlds London: Routledge, pp. 83-91.
• Tougher, S. F. 2010. Having fun in Byzantium. In: James, L. ed. A Companion to Byzantium. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 135-145., (10.1002/9781444320015.ch11)
• Tougher, S. F. 2009. After iconoclasm (850-886). In: Shepard, J. ed. The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c. 500-1492. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 292-304.
• Tougher, S. F. 2006. 'The angelic life': monasteries for eunuchs. In: Jeffreys, E. ed. Byzantine Style, Religion and Civilization: In Honour of Sir Steven Runciman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 238-252.
• Tougher, S. F. 2005. Political history (602-1025). In: Harris, J. ed. Palgrave Advances in Byzantine History. Palgrave Advances Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 24-38.
• Tougher, S. F. 2005. Two views on the gender identity of Byzantine eunuchs. In: Alison, S. and Shirley, A. eds. Changing Sex and Bending Gender. Berghahn Books, pp. 60-73.
• James, L. and Tougher, S. F. 2005. Get your kit on! Some issues in the depiction of clothing in Byzantium. In: Cleland, L., Harlow, M. and Llewellyn-Jones, L. eds. The Clothed Body in the Ancient World. Oxford: Oxbow, pp. 154-161.
• Tougher, S. F. 2004. Holy eunuchs! masculinity and eunuch Saints in Byzantium. In: Cullum, P. H. and Lewis, K. J. eds. Holiness and Masculinity in the Middle Ages. University of Wales Press, pp. 93-108.
• Tougher, S. F. 2004. Social transformation, gender transformation? The court eunuch, 300-900. In: Brubaker, L. and Smith, J. M. H. eds. Gender in the Early Medieval World. East and West, 300-900. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 70-82.
• Tougher, S. F. 2002. In or out? Origins of court eunuchs. In: Tougher, S. F. ed. Eunuchs in Antiquity and Beyond. London: Classical Press of Wales and Duckworth, pp. 143-159.
• Tougher, S. F. 1999. Ammianus and the eunuchs. In: Drijvers, J. W. and Hunt, D. eds. The Late Roman World and its Historian: Interpreting Ammianus Marcellinus. London: Routledge, pp. 64-73.
• Tougher, S. F. 1998. In praise of an empress: Julian's speech of thanks to Eusebia. In: Whitby, M. ed. The Propaganda of Power: The Role of Panegyric in Late Antiquity. Mnemosyne, Supplements Vol. 183. Leiden: Brill, pp. 105-123.

Cynadleddau

• Tougher, S. F. 1999. Michael III and Basil the Macedonian: just good friends?. Presented at: 31st Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Brighton, UK, March 1997 Presented at James, L. ed.Desire and denial in Byzantium: papers from the 31st Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, March 1997. Publications (Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies (Great Britain)) Vol. 6. Aldershot: Ashgate pp. 149-158.
• Tougher, S. F. 1998. The imperial thought-world of Leo VI: the non-campaigning emperor of the ninth century. Presented at: Thirtieth Spring Symposium of Byzantine studies, Birmingham, UK, March 1996 Presented at Brubaker, L. ed.Byzantium in the ninth century: dead or alive?: papers from the thirtieth Spring Symposium of Byzantine studies, Birmingham, March 1996. Publications (Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies (Great Britain)) Vol. 5. Aldershot: Ashgate pp. 51-60.
• Tougher, S. F. 1994. The wisdom of Leo VI. Presented at: Twenty-sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, UK, March 1992 Presented at Magdalino, P. ed.New Constantines: the rhythm of imperial renewal in Byzantium, 4th-13th centuries: papers from the Twenty-sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St Andrews, March 1992. Publications (Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies (Great Britain)) Vol. 2. Aldershot: Ashgate pp. 171-179.

Erthyglau

• Tougher, S. F. 2008. The Renault Bagoas: The treatment of Alexander the Great's eunuch in Mary Renault's The Persian Boy. New Voices in Classical Reception Studies(3)
• Tougher, S. F. 2004. Julian's bull coinage: Kent revisited. Classical Quarterly 54(1), pp. 327-330. (10.1093/cq/54.1.327)
• Tougher, S. F. 2000. Ammianus Marcellinus on the Empress Eusebia: a Split Personality?. Greece & Rome (Second Series) 47(1), pp. 94-101. (10.1093/gr/47.1.94)
• Tougher, S. F. 1998. The advocacy of an empress: Julian and Eusebia. Classical Quarterly 48(2), pp. 595-599. (10.1093/cq/48.2.595)
• Tougher, S. F. 1996. The bad relations between Alexander and Leo. Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 20, pp. 209-212.

Llyfrau

• Tougher, S. ed. 2024. Studies in Byzantine history and culture. A Festschrift for Paul Magdalino. The Medieval Mediterranean. Brill. (10.1163/9789004707603)
• Evans, R. and Tougher, S. eds. 2022. Generalship in Ancient Greece, Rome and Byzantium. Edinburgh University Press.
• Tougher, S. 2020. Roman castrati: eunuchs in the Roman empire. Bloomsbury.
• Baker-Brian, N. and Tougher, S. eds. 2020. The sons of Constantine, AD 337-361: in the shadows of Constantine and Julian. New Approaches to Byzantine History and Culture. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. (10.1007/978-3-030-39898-9)
• Tougher, S. ed. 2019. The Emperor in the Byzantine world: Papers from the Forty-Seventh Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies. London and New York: Routledge.
• Brubaker, L. and Tougher, S. F. eds. 2013. Approaches to the Byzantine family. Birmingham Byzantine and Ottoman Studies Vol. 14. Farnham: Ashgate.
• Baker-Brian, N. and Tougher, S. F. eds. 2012. Emperor and author: The writings of Julian the Apostate. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales.
• Tougher, S. F. 2008. The eunuch in Byzantine history and society. Routledge Monographs in Classical Studies. London: Routledge.
• Tougher, S. F. 2007. Julian the Apostate. Debates and Documents in Ancient History. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
• Tougher, S. F. ed. 2002. Eunuchs in antiquity and beyond. London: Duckworth and Classical Press of Wales.
• Tougher, S. F. 1997. The reign of Leo VI (886-912): politics and people. The Medieval Mediterranean. Leiden: Brill.

• Tougher, S. F. 2013. Imperial families: The case of the Macedonians. In: Brubaker, L. and Tougher, S. F. eds. Approaches to the Byzantine Family. Birmingham Byzantine and Ottoman Studies Vol. 14. Ashgate, pp. 303-326.
• Tougher, S. F. 2013. The aesthetics of castration: the beauty of Roman eunuchs. In: Tracy, L. ed. Castration and Culture in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Boydell & Brewer, pp. 48-72.
• Baker-Brian, N. and Tougher, S. F. eds. 2012. Emperor and author: The writings of Julian the Apostate. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales.
• Tougher, S. F. 2012. Reading between the lines: Julian's first panegyric on Constantius II. In: Baker-Brian, N. and Tougher, S. F. eds. Emperor and Author: The Writings of Julian 'the Apostate'. Swansea: The Classical Press of Wales, pp. 19-34.
• Tougher, S. F. 2012. Imperial blood: Family relationships in the dynasty of Constantine the Great. In: Harlow, M. and Larsson Loven, L. eds. Families in the Roman and Late Antique World. The Family in Antiquity Vol. 2. London: Continuum, pp. 181-198.
• Tougher, S. F. 2010. Cherchez l'homme! Byzantine men: a eunuch perspective. In: Stephenson, P. ed. The Byzantine World. Routledge Worlds London: Routledge, pp. 83-91.
• Tougher, S. F. 2008. The eunuch in Byzantine history and society. Routledge Monographs in Classical Studies. London: Routledge.
• Tougher, S. F. 2008. The Renault Bagoas: The treatment of Alexander the Great's eunuch in Mary Renault's The Persian Boy. New Voices in Classical Reception Studies(3)
• Tougher, S. F. 2007. Julian the Apostate. Debates and Documents in Ancient History. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
• Tougher, S. F. ed. 2002. Eunuchs in antiquity and beyond. London: Duckworth and Classical Press of Wales.
• Tougher, S. F. 1999. Michael III and Basil the Macedonian: just good friends?. Presented at: 31st Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Brighton, UK, March 1997 Presented at James, L. ed.Desire and denial in Byzantium: papers from the 31st Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, March 1997. Publications (Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies (Great Britain)) Vol. 6. Aldershot: Ashgate pp. 149-158.
• Tougher, S. F. 1999. Ammianus and the eunuchs. In: Drijvers, J. W. and Hunt, D. eds. The Late Roman World and its Historian: Interpreting Ammianus Marcellinus. London: Routledge, pp. 64-73.
• Tougher, S. F. 1998. The advocacy of an empress: Julian and Eusebia. Classical Quarterly 48(2), pp. 595-599. (10.1093/cq/48.2.595)
• Tougher, S. F. 1997. The reign of Leo VI (886-912): politics and people. The Medieval Mediterranean. Leiden: Brill.