![Jing Wu](https://profiles-cardiff.imgix.net/attachments/1633?w=200&h=200&auto=format&crop=faces&fit=crop&q=90")
Dr Jing Wu
- Available for postgraduate supervision
Teams and roles for Jing Wu
Overview
I am a lecturer in the School of Computer Science and Informatics at Cardiff University, a member of the Visual Computing research section, and the leader of the Visualisation research group. My research interests lie in 3D reconstruction, visual understanding, and visual analytics. I am currently working on semantic segmentation and visual SLAM and researching visual analysis tools for explainable machine learning in computer vision.
Before becoming a lecturer, I was a postdoc in the school and worked on two projects: bas-relief generation (RIVIC) and realistic shape from shading (EPSRC). I received PhD from the University of York, United Kingdom, with a thesis on statistical approaches to gender classification in the surface normal domain. I also received an MSc and BSc in Computer Science from Nanjing University, China.
Publication
2025
- Alsudays, N. et al. 2025. Multi-class part parsing based on multi-class boundaries. Presented at: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing Anchorage, AK, USA 14-17 September 2025. 2025 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE. , pp.2498-2503. (10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084502)
- Gao, Y. et al. 2025. Deep reinforcement learning for localisability-aware mapless navigation. IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 7 (1) e70018. (10.1049/csy2.70018)
- Huo, J. et al., 2025. REST: A resolution preserving metwork for photorealistic style transfer via semantic distillation. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 262 104544. (10.1016/j.cviu.2025.104544)
- Huo, J. et al., 2025. Dictionary based generative adversarial network for multi-collection style transfer. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (10.1109/TMM.2025.3599024)
- Li, Z. et al., 2025. RuleExplorer: A scalable matrix visualization for understanding tree ensemble classifiers. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 31 (9), pp.6370-6384. (10.1109/TVCG.2024.3514115)
- Xu, M. et al. 2025. RGB-D video mirror detection. Presented at: WACV 2025 Tucson, Arizona 28 February - 04 March 2025. 2025 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV). IEEE. , pp.9640-9649. (10.1109/WACV61041.2025.00933)
2024
- Gao, Y. et al. 2024. Mapless navigation via Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning with memory-decaying novelty. Robotics and Autonomous Systems 182 104815. (10.1016/j.robot.2024.104815)
- Gao, Y. et al. 2024. Efficient hierarchical reinforcement learning for mapless navigation with predictive neighbouring space scoring. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering 21 (4), pp.5457-5472. (10.1109/TASE.2023.3312237)
- Gao, Y. et al., 2024. Object goal navigation based on path planning characteristics. CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 19 , pp.217-227. (10.11992/tis.202309001)
- Herbert, P. et al. 2024. Benchmarking visual SLAM methods in mirror environments. Computational Visual Media 10 (2), pp.215-241. (10.1007/s41095-022-0329-x)
- Huo, J. et al., 2024. Towards efficient image and video style transfer via distillation and learnable feature transformation. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 241 103947. (10.1016/j.cviu.2024.103947)
- Liang, Y. et al. 2024. Efficient precision and recall metrics for assessing generative models using hubness-aware sampling. Presented at: The Forty-first International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) Vienna, Austria 21-27 July 2024. Vol. 235., pp.29682-29699.
- Njuod, A. et al. 2024. GRPSNET: Multi-class part parsing based on graph reasoning. Presented at: IEEE Conference on Multimedia Expo 2024 Niagara Falls, Canada 15-19 July 2024. IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). IEEE. , pp.1-10. (10.1109/ICME57554.2024.10687831)
- Sun, J. et al. 2024. A survey of object goal navigation. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering 22 , pp.2292-2308. (10.1109/TASE.2024.3378010)
- Sun, J. et al. 2024. RSMPNet: Relationship guided semantic map prediction. Presented at: IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) Hawaii, USA 4-8 January 2024. Proceedings of the 2024 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision. IEEE. , pp.302-311. (10.1109/WACV57701.2024.00037)
- Wang, T. et al. 2024. Sparse convolutional networks for surface reconstruction from noisy point clouds. Presented at: IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) Hawaii, USA 4-8 January 2024. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision. IEEE. , pp.3200-3209. (10.1109/WACV57701.2024.00318)
- Wu, J. et al. 2024. Fusion of short-term and long-term attention for video mirror detection. Presented at: IEEE Conference on Multimedia Expo 2024 Niagara Falls, Canada 15-19 July 2024. 2024 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). IEEE. , pp.1-9. (10.1109/icme57554.2024.10688367)
- Yang, W. et al., 2024. Interactive reweighting for mitigating label quality issues. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 30 (3), pp.1837-1852. (10.1109/TVCG.2023.3345340)
- Yang, X. et al. 2024. GAM: General Affordance-based Manipulation for contact-rich object disentangling tasks. Neurocomputing 578 127386. (10.1016/j.neucom.2024.127386)
- Zappalá, S. et al. 2024. In vivo strain measurements in the human buttock during sitting using MR-based digital volume correlation. Journal of Biomechanics 163 111913. (10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111913)
2023
- Alsudays, N. et al. 2023. Afpsnet: multi-class part parsing based on scaled attention and feature fusion. Presented at: IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) Waikoloa, Hawaii, 3-7 Jan 2023. 2023 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV). IEEE. , pp.4022-4031. (10.1109/WACV56688.2023.00402)
- Chen, C. et al., 2023. A unified interactive model evaluation for classification, object detection, and instance segmentation in computer vision. Presented at: IEEE VIS 2023 Melbourne, Australia 22-27 October 2023. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. , pp.76-86. (10.1109/TVCG.2023.3326588)
- Gao, Y. et al. 2023. Hierarchical reinforcement learning-based mapless navigation with predictive exploration worthiness. Presented at: IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 6-9 August 2023.
- Song, S. et al. 2023. Feature proliferation — the "cancer" in StyleGAN and its treatments. Presented at: International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2023 Paris, France October 1 - 6, 2023. Proceedings of IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. IEEE. , pp.2360-2370. (10.1109/ICCV51070.2023.00224)
- Wang, T. et al. 2023. RPS-Net: Indoor scene point cloud completion using RBF-point sparse convolution. Presented at: EG UK Computer Graphics & Visual Computing Aberystwyth, UK 14-15 September 2023. Proceedings EG UK Computer Graphics & Visual Computing. Eurographics - The European Association for Computer Graphics. (10.2312/cgvc.20231188)
- Xia, J. et al., 2023. Interactive visual cluster analysis by contrastive dimensionality reduction. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 29 (1), pp.734-744. (10.1109/TVCG.2022.3209423)
- Yang, X. et al. 2023. Recent advances of deep robotic affordance learning: a reinforcement learning perspective. IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems 15 (3), pp.1139-1149. (10.1109/TCDS.2023.3277288)
2022
- Chen, C. et al., 2022. Towards better caption supervision for object detection. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 28 (4), pp.1941-1954. (10.1109/TVCG.2021.3138933)
- Grange, J. A. et al. 2022. XAI & I: Self-explanatory AI facilitating mutual understanding between AI and human experts. Presented at: 26th International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information & Engineering Systems (KES 2022) 7-9 September 2022. Elsevier. (10.1016/j.procs.2022.09.419)
- Kong, M. et al., 2022. Playing lottery tickets in style transfer models. Presented at: MM '22: The 30th ACM International Conference on Multimedia 10-14 October 2022. M4MM '22: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Methodologies for Multimedia. New York, NY, USA: ACM. , pp.15-23. (10.1145/3552487.3556440)
- Li, Z. et al., 2022. A unified understanding of deep NLP models for text classification. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 28 (12), pp.4980-4994. (10.1109/TVCG.2022.3184186)
- Liang, Y. et al. 2022. Exploring and exploiting hubness priors for high-quality GAN latent sampling. Presented at: The 39th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2022) Baltimore, Maryland USA 17-23 July 2022. Vol. 162.ML Research Press. , pp.13271-13284.
- Wang, Z. et al., 2022. MLVSNet: Multi-level Voting Siamese Network for 3D visual tracking. Presented at: CVF/IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2021) Montreal, QC, Canada 10-17 October 2021. 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE. , pp.3081-3090. (10.1109/ICCV48922.2021.00309)
- Yang, X. et al. 2022. Abstract demonstrations and adaptive exploration for efficient and stable multi-step sparse reward reinforcement learning. Presented at: 27th IEEE International Conference on Automation and Computing (ICAC2022) Bristol, United Kingdom 1-3 September 2022. 2022 27th International Conference on Automation and Computing (ICAC). IEEE. (10.1109/ICAC55051.2022.9911100)
- Yang, X. et al. 2022. Hierarchical reinforcement learning with universal policies for multi-step robotic manipulation. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems 33 (9), pp.4727-4741. (10.1109/TNNLS.2021.3059912)
2021
- Cao, K. et al., 2021. Analyzing the noise robustness of deep neural networks. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 27 (7), pp.3289-3304. (10.1109/TVCG.2020.2969185)
- Chen, C. et al., 2021. Interactive graph construction for graph-based semi-supervised learning. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 27 (9), pp.3701-3716. (10.1109/TVCG.2021.3084694)
- Hou, H. et al., 2021. MW-GAN: Multi-warping GAN for caricature generation with multi-style geometric exaggeration. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 30 , pp.8644-8657. (10.1109/TIP.2021.3118984)
- Huo, J. et al., 2021. Manifold alignment for semantically aligned style transfer. Presented at: CVF/IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2021) Virtual / Montreal, QC, Canada 11-17 October 2021. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. IEEE. , pp.14841-14849. (10.1109/ICCV48922.2021.01459)
- Xie, Q. et al., 2021. Vote-based 3D object detection with context modeling and SOB-3DNMS. International Journal of Computer Vision 129 , pp.1857-1874. (10.1007/s11263-021-01456-w)
- Xie, Q. et al., 2021. VENet: Voting Enhancement Network for 3D object detection. Presented at: CVF/IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2021) Virtual / Montreal, QC, Canada 11-17 October 2021. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. IEEE. , pp.3692-3701. (10.1109/ICCV48922.2021.00369)
- Yang, L. et al., 2021. Learning 3D face reconstruction from a single sketch. Graphical Models 115 101102. (10.1016/j.gmod.2021.101102)
- Yang, X. et al. 2021. An open-source multi-goal reinforcement learning environment for robotic manipulation with Pybullet. Presented at: 21st Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems Conference (TAROS 2021) Virtual 8-10 September 2021. Published in: Fox, C. et al., Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems. TAROS 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Springer. , pp.14-24. (10.1007/978-3-030-89177-0_2)
- Zappala, S. et al. 2021. Full-field MRI measurements of in-vivo positional brain shift reveal the significance of intra-cranial geometry and head orientation for stereotactic surgery. Scientific Reports 11 (1) 17684. (10.1038/s41598-021-97150-5)
2020
- Xie, Q. et al., 2020. MLCVNet: multi-level context VoteNet for 3D object detection. Presented at: IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Seattle, WA, USA 13-19 June 2020. 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE. , pp.10444-10453. (10.1109/CVPR42600.2020.01046)
2019
- Pan, Y. et al., 2019. InSocialNet: Interactive visual analytics for role-event videos. Computational Visual Media 5 (4), pp.375-390. (10.1007/s41095-019-0157-9)
- Wang, X. et al., 2019. Discriminative features matter: Multi-layer bilinear pooling for camera localization. Presented at: BMVC 2019: 30th British Machine Vision Conference Cardiff, UK 9-12 September, 2019.
- Xiang, S. et al., 2019. Interactive correction of mislabeled training data. Presented at: IEEE VIS 2019 Vancouver, BC, Canada 20-25 October 2019. 2019 IEEE Conference on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST). IEEE(10.1109/VAST47406.2019.8986943)
- Zhang, Y. et al., 2019. Computer-assisted relief modelling: a comprehensive survey. Presented at: Eurographics Conference 2019 STARs Genova, Italy 6-10 May 2019.
2018
- Liu, S. et al., 2018. Visual diagnosis of tree boosting methods. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 24 (1), pp.163-173. (10.1109/TVCG.2017.2744378)
- Wu, J. and Ji, Z. 2018. Seeing the unseen: Locating objects from reflections. Presented at: 19th Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems (TAROS) Conference Bristol, UK 25- 27 July 2018.
2016
- Wu, J. et al. 2016. Improving shape from shading with interactive Tabu search. Journal of Computer Science and Technology 31 (3), pp.488-500. (10.1007/s11390-016-1639-1)
2014
- Wu, J. et al. 2014. Use of non-photorealistic rendering and photometric stereo in making bas-reliefs from photographs. Graphical Models 76 (4), pp.202-213. (10.1016/j.gmod.2014.02.002)
2013
- Wu, J. et al. 2013. Making bas-reliefs from photographs of human faces. Computer-Aided Design 45 (3), pp.671-682. (10.1016/j.cad.2012.11.002)
2012
- Zhang, L. , Hancock, E. R. and Wu, J. 2012. Estimating surface characteristics and extracting features from polarisation. Presented at: Joint IAPR International Workshop, SSPR&SPR 2012 Hiroshima, Japan November 7-9, 2012. Published in: Gimel'farb, G. et al., Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition: Joint IAPR International Workshop, SSPR & SPR 2012, Hiroshima, Japan, November 7-9, 2012, Proceedings.. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 7626. Springer Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.400-408. (10.1007/978-3-642-34166-3_44)
2011
- Kawulok, M. , Wu, J. and Hancock, E. R. 2011. Supervised relevance maps for increasing the distinctiveness of facial images. Pattern Recognition 44 (4), pp.929-939. (10.1016/j.patcog.2010.10.010)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2011. Gender discriminating models from facial surface normals. Pattern Recognition 44 (12), pp.2871-2886. (10.1016/j.patcog.2011.04.013)
- Zhang, Z. , Hancock, E. R. and Wu, J. 2011. An information theoretic approach to gender feature selection. Presented at: 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops) Barcelona, Spain 6-13 Nov 2011. 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops). Piscataway, N.J.: IEEE. , pp.1425-1431. (10.1109/ICCVW.2011.6130418)
2010
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2010. Facial gender classification using shape-from-shading. Image and Vision Computing 28 (6), pp.1039-1048. (10.1016/j.imavis.2009.09.003)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2010. Semi-supervised feature selection for gender classification. Presented at: 9th Asian Conference on Computer Vision Xi’an, China 23-27 September 2009. Published in: Zha, H. , Taniguchi, R. and Maybank, S. eds. Computer Vision – ACCV 2009: 9th Asian Conference on Computer Vision, Xi’an, September 23-27, 2009, Revised Selected Papers, Part II. Vol. II.Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 5995. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.23-33. (10.1007/978-3-642-12304-7_3)
2009
- Wu, J. et al. 2009. Extracting gender discriminating features from facial needle-maps. Presented at: 2009 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) Cairo, Egypt 7-10 Nov 2009. 2009 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing: Proceedings. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. , pp.2449-2452. (10.1109/ICIP.2009.5414129)
2008
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2008. Facial gender classification using shape from shading and weighted principal geodesic analysis. Presented at: 5th International Conference, ICIAR 2008 Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal 25-27 June 2008. Published in: Campilho, A. and Kamel, M. eds. Image Analysis and Recognition: 5th International Conference, ICIAR 2008, Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, June 25-27, 2008. Proceedings.. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 5112. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.925-934. (10.1007/978-3-540-69812-8_92)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2008. Supervised principal geodesic analysis on facial surface normals for gender classification. Presented at: Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition Joint IAPR International Workshop, SSPR & SPR 2008 Orlando, USA 4-6 December 2008. Published in: da Vitoria Lobo, N. et al., Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition: Joint IAPR International Workshop, SSPR & SPR 2008, Orlando, USA, December 4-6, 2008. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 5342. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.664-673. (10.1007/978-3-540-89689-0_70)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2008. Weighted principal geodesic analysis for facial gender classification. Presented at: 12th Iberoamericann Congress on Pattern Recognition, CIARP 2007 Valparaiso, Chile 13-16 November 2007. Published in: Rueda, L. , Mery, D. and Kittler, J. eds. Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis and Applications: 12th Iberoamericann Congress on Pattern Recognition, CIARP 2007, Valparaiso, Chile, November 13-16, 2007. Proceedings.. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 4756. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.331-339. (10.1007/978-3-540-76725-1_35)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. 2008. Gender classification based on facial surface normals. Presented at: 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2008) Tampa, Florida 8-11 December 2008. 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2008). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. , pp.1-4. (10.1109/ICPR.2008.4761056)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. and Hancock, E. 2008. Gender classification based on facial surface normals. Presented at: International Conference on Pattern Recognition Tampa, FL. 8-11 Dec 2008. 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition : (ICPR 2008) ; Tampa, Florida, USA 8-11 December 2008.. Piscataway, N.J.: IEEE. , pp.1-4. (10.1109/ICPR.2008.4761056)
2007
- Dickens, M. P. et al., 2007. Face recognition using principal geodesic analysis and manifold learning. Presented at: Third Iberian Conference, IbPRIA 2007 Girona, Spain 6-8 June 2007. Published in: Martí, J. ed. Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis: Third Iberian Conference, IbPRIA 2007, Girona, Spain, June 6-8, 2007, Proceedings, Part I. Vol. 4477.Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 4477. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.426-434. (10.1007/978-3-540-72847-4_55)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. and Hancock, E. R. 2007. Gender classification using shape from shading. Presented at: BMVC 2007 Warwick, UK 10-13 September 2007. Published in: Rajpoot, N. M. and Bhalerao, M. L. eds. Proceedings of the British Machine Conference. BMVA Press. , pp.50.1-50.10. (10.5244/C.21.50)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2007. Learning mixture models for gender classification based on facial surface normals. Presented at: Third Iberian Conference, IbPRIA 2007 Girona, Spain 6-8 June 2007. Published in: Marti, J. et al., Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis: Third Iberian Conference, IbPRIA 2007, Girona, Spain, June 6-8, 2007, Proceedings, Part I. Vol. 4477.Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 4477. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. , pp.39-46. (10.1007/978-3-540-72847-4_7)
2006
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. 2006. Gender classification using principal geodesic analysis and gaussian mixture models. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4225 , pp.58-67. (10.1007/11892755_6)
Articles
- Cao, K. et al., 2021. Analyzing the noise robustness of deep neural networks. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 27 (7), pp.3289-3304. (10.1109/TVCG.2020.2969185)
- Chen, C. et al., 2021. Interactive graph construction for graph-based semi-supervised learning. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 27 (9), pp.3701-3716. (10.1109/TVCG.2021.3084694)
- Chen, C. et al., 2022. Towards better caption supervision for object detection. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 28 (4), pp.1941-1954. (10.1109/TVCG.2021.3138933)
- Gao, Y. et al. 2024. Mapless navigation via Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning with memory-decaying novelty. Robotics and Autonomous Systems 182 104815. (10.1016/j.robot.2024.104815)
- Gao, Y. et al. 2025. Deep reinforcement learning for localisability-aware mapless navigation. IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 7 (1) e70018. (10.1049/csy2.70018)
- Gao, Y. et al. 2024. Efficient hierarchical reinforcement learning for mapless navigation with predictive neighbouring space scoring. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering 21 (4), pp.5457-5472. (10.1109/TASE.2023.3312237)
- Gao, Y. et al., 2024. Object goal navigation based on path planning characteristics. CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 19 , pp.217-227. (10.11992/tis.202309001)
- Herbert, P. et al. 2024. Benchmarking visual SLAM methods in mirror environments. Computational Visual Media 10 (2), pp.215-241. (10.1007/s41095-022-0329-x)
- Hou, H. et al., 2021. MW-GAN: Multi-warping GAN for caricature generation with multi-style geometric exaggeration. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 30 , pp.8644-8657. (10.1109/TIP.2021.3118984)
- Huo, J. et al., 2025. REST: A resolution preserving metwork for photorealistic style transfer via semantic distillation. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 262 104544. (10.1016/j.cviu.2025.104544)
- Huo, J. et al., 2025. Dictionary based generative adversarial network for multi-collection style transfer. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (10.1109/TMM.2025.3599024)
- Huo, J. et al., 2024. Towards efficient image and video style transfer via distillation and learnable feature transformation. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 241 103947. (10.1016/j.cviu.2024.103947)
- Kawulok, M. , Wu, J. and Hancock, E. R. 2011. Supervised relevance maps for increasing the distinctiveness of facial images. Pattern Recognition 44 (4), pp.929-939. (10.1016/j.patcog.2010.10.010)
- Li, Z. et al., 2022. A unified understanding of deep NLP models for text classification. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 28 (12), pp.4980-4994. (10.1109/TVCG.2022.3184186)
- Li, Z. et al., 2025. RuleExplorer: A scalable matrix visualization for understanding tree ensemble classifiers. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 31 (9), pp.6370-6384. (10.1109/TVCG.2024.3514115)
- Liu, S. et al., 2018. Visual diagnosis of tree boosting methods. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 24 (1), pp.163-173. (10.1109/TVCG.2017.2744378)
- Pan, Y. et al., 2019. InSocialNet: Interactive visual analytics for role-event videos. Computational Visual Media 5 (4), pp.375-390. (10.1007/s41095-019-0157-9)
- Sun, J. et al. 2024. A survey of object goal navigation. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering 22 , pp.2292-2308. (10.1109/TASE.2024.3378010)
- Wu, J. et al. 2014. Use of non-photorealistic rendering and photometric stereo in making bas-reliefs from photographs. Graphical Models 76 (4), pp.202-213. (10.1016/j.gmod.2014.02.002)
- Wu, J. et al. 2013. Making bas-reliefs from photographs of human faces. Computer-Aided Design 45 (3), pp.671-682. (10.1016/j.cad.2012.11.002)
- Wu, J. et al. 2016. Improving shape from shading with interactive Tabu search. Journal of Computer Science and Technology 31 (3), pp.488-500. (10.1007/s11390-016-1639-1)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2010. Facial gender classification using shape-from-shading. Image and Vision Computing 28 (6), pp.1039-1048. (10.1016/j.imavis.2009.09.003)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2011. Gender discriminating models from facial surface normals. Pattern Recognition 44 (12), pp.2871-2886. (10.1016/j.patcog.2011.04.013)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. 2006. Gender classification using principal geodesic analysis and gaussian mixture models. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4225 , pp.58-67. (10.1007/11892755_6)
- Xia, J. et al., 2023. Interactive visual cluster analysis by contrastive dimensionality reduction. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 29 (1), pp.734-744. (10.1109/TVCG.2022.3209423)
- Xie, Q. et al., 2021. Vote-based 3D object detection with context modeling and SOB-3DNMS. International Journal of Computer Vision 129 , pp.1857-1874. (10.1007/s11263-021-01456-w)
- Yang, L. et al., 2021. Learning 3D face reconstruction from a single sketch. Graphical Models 115 101102. (10.1016/j.gmod.2021.101102)
- Yang, W. et al., 2024. Interactive reweighting for mitigating label quality issues. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 30 (3), pp.1837-1852. (10.1109/TVCG.2023.3345340)
- Yang, X. et al. 2022. Hierarchical reinforcement learning with universal policies for multi-step robotic manipulation. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems 33 (9), pp.4727-4741. (10.1109/TNNLS.2021.3059912)
- Yang, X. et al. 2023. Recent advances of deep robotic affordance learning: a reinforcement learning perspective. IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems 15 (3), pp.1139-1149. (10.1109/TCDS.2023.3277288)
- Yang, X. et al. 2024. GAM: General Affordance-based Manipulation for contact-rich object disentangling tasks. Neurocomputing 578 127386. (10.1016/j.neucom.2024.127386)
- Zappala, S. et al. 2021. Full-field MRI measurements of in-vivo positional brain shift reveal the significance of intra-cranial geometry and head orientation for stereotactic surgery. Scientific Reports 11 (1) 17684. (10.1038/s41598-021-97150-5)
- Zappalá, S. et al. 2024. In vivo strain measurements in the human buttock during sitting using MR-based digital volume correlation. Journal of Biomechanics 163 111913. (10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111913)
Conferences
- Alsudays, N. et al. 2023. Afpsnet: multi-class part parsing based on scaled attention and feature fusion. Presented at: IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) Waikoloa, Hawaii, 3-7 Jan 2023. 2023 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV). IEEE. , pp.4022-4031. (10.1109/WACV56688.2023.00402)
- Alsudays, N. et al. 2025. Multi-class part parsing based on multi-class boundaries. Presented at: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing Anchorage, AK, USA 14-17 September 2025. 2025 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE. , pp.2498-2503. (10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084502)
- Chen, C. et al., 2023. A unified interactive model evaluation for classification, object detection, and instance segmentation in computer vision. Presented at: IEEE VIS 2023 Melbourne, Australia 22-27 October 2023. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. , pp.76-86. (10.1109/TVCG.2023.3326588)
- Dickens, M. P. et al., 2007. Face recognition using principal geodesic analysis and manifold learning. Presented at: Third Iberian Conference, IbPRIA 2007 Girona, Spain 6-8 June 2007. Published in: Martí, J. ed. Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis: Third Iberian Conference, IbPRIA 2007, Girona, Spain, June 6-8, 2007, Proceedings, Part I. Vol. 4477.Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 4477. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.426-434. (10.1007/978-3-540-72847-4_55)
- Gao, Y. et al. 2023. Hierarchical reinforcement learning-based mapless navigation with predictive exploration worthiness. Presented at: IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 6-9 August 2023.
- Grange, J. A. et al. 2022. XAI & I: Self-explanatory AI facilitating mutual understanding between AI and human experts. Presented at: 26th International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information & Engineering Systems (KES 2022) 7-9 September 2022. Elsevier. (10.1016/j.procs.2022.09.419)
- Huo, J. et al., 2021. Manifold alignment for semantically aligned style transfer. Presented at: CVF/IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2021) Virtual / Montreal, QC, Canada 11-17 October 2021. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. IEEE. , pp.14841-14849. (10.1109/ICCV48922.2021.01459)
- Kong, M. et al., 2022. Playing lottery tickets in style transfer models. Presented at: MM '22: The 30th ACM International Conference on Multimedia 10-14 October 2022. M4MM '22: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Methodologies for Multimedia. New York, NY, USA: ACM. , pp.15-23. (10.1145/3552487.3556440)
- Liang, Y. et al. 2024. Efficient precision and recall metrics for assessing generative models using hubness-aware sampling. Presented at: The Forty-first International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) Vienna, Austria 21-27 July 2024. Vol. 235., pp.29682-29699.
- Liang, Y. et al. 2022. Exploring and exploiting hubness priors for high-quality GAN latent sampling. Presented at: The 39th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2022) Baltimore, Maryland USA 17-23 July 2022. Vol. 162.ML Research Press. , pp.13271-13284.
- Njuod, A. et al. 2024. GRPSNET: Multi-class part parsing based on graph reasoning. Presented at: IEEE Conference on Multimedia Expo 2024 Niagara Falls, Canada 15-19 July 2024. IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). IEEE. , pp.1-10. (10.1109/ICME57554.2024.10687831)
- Song, S. et al. 2023. Feature proliferation — the "cancer" in StyleGAN and its treatments. Presented at: International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2023 Paris, France October 1 - 6, 2023. Proceedings of IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. IEEE. , pp.2360-2370. (10.1109/ICCV51070.2023.00224)
- Sun, J. et al. 2024. RSMPNet: Relationship guided semantic map prediction. Presented at: IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) Hawaii, USA 4-8 January 2024. Proceedings of the 2024 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision. IEEE. , pp.302-311. (10.1109/WACV57701.2024.00037)
- Wang, T. et al. 2023. RPS-Net: Indoor scene point cloud completion using RBF-point sparse convolution. Presented at: EG UK Computer Graphics & Visual Computing Aberystwyth, UK 14-15 September 2023. Proceedings EG UK Computer Graphics & Visual Computing. Eurographics - The European Association for Computer Graphics. (10.2312/cgvc.20231188)
- Wang, T. et al. 2024. Sparse convolutional networks for surface reconstruction from noisy point clouds. Presented at: IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) Hawaii, USA 4-8 January 2024. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision. IEEE. , pp.3200-3209. (10.1109/WACV57701.2024.00318)
- Wang, X. et al., 2019. Discriminative features matter: Multi-layer bilinear pooling for camera localization. Presented at: BMVC 2019: 30th British Machine Vision Conference Cardiff, UK 9-12 September, 2019.
- Wang, Z. et al., 2022. MLVSNet: Multi-level Voting Siamese Network for 3D visual tracking. Presented at: CVF/IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2021) Montreal, QC, Canada 10-17 October 2021. 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE. , pp.3081-3090. (10.1109/ICCV48922.2021.00309)
- Wu, J. and Ji, Z. 2018. Seeing the unseen: Locating objects from reflections. Presented at: 19th Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems (TAROS) Conference Bristol, UK 25- 27 July 2018.
- Wu, J. et al. 2024. Fusion of short-term and long-term attention for video mirror detection. Presented at: IEEE Conference on Multimedia Expo 2024 Niagara Falls, Canada 15-19 July 2024. 2024 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). IEEE. , pp.1-9. (10.1109/icme57554.2024.10688367)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. and Hancock, E. R. 2007. Gender classification using shape from shading. Presented at: BMVC 2007 Warwick, UK 10-13 September 2007. Published in: Rajpoot, N. M. and Bhalerao, M. L. eds. Proceedings of the British Machine Conference. BMVA Press. , pp.50.1-50.10. (10.5244/C.21.50)
- Wu, J. et al. 2009. Extracting gender discriminating features from facial needle-maps. Presented at: 2009 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) Cairo, Egypt 7-10 Nov 2009. 2009 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing: Proceedings. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. , pp.2449-2452. (10.1109/ICIP.2009.5414129)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2008. Facial gender classification using shape from shading and weighted principal geodesic analysis. Presented at: 5th International Conference, ICIAR 2008 Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal 25-27 June 2008. Published in: Campilho, A. and Kamel, M. eds. Image Analysis and Recognition: 5th International Conference, ICIAR 2008, Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, June 25-27, 2008. Proceedings.. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 5112. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.925-934. (10.1007/978-3-540-69812-8_92)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2007. Learning mixture models for gender classification based on facial surface normals. Presented at: Third Iberian Conference, IbPRIA 2007 Girona, Spain 6-8 June 2007. Published in: Marti, J. et al., Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis: Third Iberian Conference, IbPRIA 2007, Girona, Spain, June 6-8, 2007, Proceedings, Part I. Vol. 4477.Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 4477. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. , pp.39-46. (10.1007/978-3-540-72847-4_7)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2010. Semi-supervised feature selection for gender classification. Presented at: 9th Asian Conference on Computer Vision Xi’an, China 23-27 September 2009. Published in: Zha, H. , Taniguchi, R. and Maybank, S. eds. Computer Vision – ACCV 2009: 9th Asian Conference on Computer Vision, Xi’an, September 23-27, 2009, Revised Selected Papers, Part II. Vol. II.Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 5995. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.23-33. (10.1007/978-3-642-12304-7_3)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2008. Supervised principal geodesic analysis on facial surface normals for gender classification. Presented at: Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition Joint IAPR International Workshop, SSPR & SPR 2008 Orlando, USA 4-6 December 2008. Published in: da Vitoria Lobo, N. et al., Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition: Joint IAPR International Workshop, SSPR & SPR 2008, Orlando, USA, December 4-6, 2008. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 5342. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.664-673. (10.1007/978-3-540-89689-0_70)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. R. 2008. Weighted principal geodesic analysis for facial gender classification. Presented at: 12th Iberoamericann Congress on Pattern Recognition, CIARP 2007 Valparaiso, Chile 13-16 November 2007. Published in: Rueda, L. , Mery, D. and Kittler, J. eds. Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis and Applications: 12th Iberoamericann Congress on Pattern Recognition, CIARP 2007, Valparaiso, Chile, November 13-16, 2007. Proceedings.. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 4756. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.331-339. (10.1007/978-3-540-76725-1_35)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. A. P. and Hancock, E. 2008. Gender classification based on facial surface normals. Presented at: 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2008) Tampa, Florida 8-11 December 2008. 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2008). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. , pp.1-4. (10.1109/ICPR.2008.4761056)
- Wu, J. , Smith, W. and Hancock, E. 2008. Gender classification based on facial surface normals. Presented at: International Conference on Pattern Recognition Tampa, FL. 8-11 Dec 2008. 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition : (ICPR 2008) ; Tampa, Florida, USA 8-11 December 2008.. Piscataway, N.J.: IEEE. , pp.1-4. (10.1109/ICPR.2008.4761056)
- Xiang, S. et al., 2019. Interactive correction of mislabeled training data. Presented at: IEEE VIS 2019 Vancouver, BC, Canada 20-25 October 2019. 2019 IEEE Conference on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST). IEEE(10.1109/VAST47406.2019.8986943)
- Xie, Q. et al., 2020. MLCVNet: multi-level context VoteNet for 3D object detection. Presented at: IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Seattle, WA, USA 13-19 June 2020. 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE. , pp.10444-10453. (10.1109/CVPR42600.2020.01046)
- Xie, Q. et al., 2021. VENet: Voting Enhancement Network for 3D object detection. Presented at: CVF/IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 2021) Virtual / Montreal, QC, Canada 11-17 October 2021. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. IEEE. , pp.3692-3701. (10.1109/ICCV48922.2021.00369)
- Xu, M. et al. 2025. RGB-D video mirror detection. Presented at: WACV 2025 Tucson, Arizona 28 February - 04 March 2025. 2025 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV). IEEE. , pp.9640-9649. (10.1109/WACV61041.2025.00933)
- Yang, X. et al. 2022. Abstract demonstrations and adaptive exploration for efficient and stable multi-step sparse reward reinforcement learning. Presented at: 27th IEEE International Conference on Automation and Computing (ICAC2022) Bristol, United Kingdom 1-3 September 2022. 2022 27th International Conference on Automation and Computing (ICAC). IEEE. (10.1109/ICAC55051.2022.9911100)
- Yang, X. et al. 2021. An open-source multi-goal reinforcement learning environment for robotic manipulation with Pybullet. Presented at: 21st Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems Conference (TAROS 2021) Virtual 8-10 September 2021. Published in: Fox, C. et al., Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems. TAROS 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Springer. , pp.14-24. (10.1007/978-3-030-89177-0_2)
- Zhang, L. , Hancock, E. R. and Wu, J. 2012. Estimating surface characteristics and extracting features from polarisation. Presented at: Joint IAPR International Workshop, SSPR&SPR 2012 Hiroshima, Japan November 7-9, 2012. Published in: Gimel'farb, G. et al., Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition: Joint IAPR International Workshop, SSPR & SPR 2012, Hiroshima, Japan, November 7-9, 2012, Proceedings.. Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 7626. Springer Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. , pp.400-408. (10.1007/978-3-642-34166-3_44)
- Zhang, Y. et al., 2019. Computer-assisted relief modelling: a comprehensive survey. Presented at: Eurographics Conference 2019 STARs Genova, Italy 6-10 May 2019.
- Zhang, Z. , Hancock, E. R. and Wu, J. 2011. An information theoretic approach to gender feature selection. Presented at: 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops) Barcelona, Spain 6-13 Nov 2011. 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops). Piscataway, N.J.: IEEE. , pp.1425-1431. (10.1109/ICCVW.2011.6130418)
Research
Research projects I am working / have worked on:
- Reflection Aware Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (RA-vSLAM), Main Supervisor, EPSRC DTP. Oct 2020 - Mar 2024
- Study of style transfer based and 3D assisted caricature generation techniques, PI, Travel fund to visit Nanjing University. June 2020 - June 2022.
- Learning-based and 3D assisted caricaturization of multi-modal portraits, PI, Travel fund to visit Nanjing University. Apr 2018 - Apr 2020.
- Pushing the boundary of vision-based 3D surface imaging, CoI, Renishaw and Cardiff University Strategic Fund. Apr 2018 - Mar 2019.
- Realistic SFS with user interaction, which developed an interactive framework to tackle intrinsic problems of SFS, and combined heuristic search to improve the intuitiveness of user interaction. Research Associate, EPSRC. July 2013 - July 2016.
- Generating bas-reliefs from face photographs, which developed a framework combining techniques of machine learning, SFS, photometric stereo, and non-photorealistic rendering to tackle the problem of bas-relief generation from a single input face image. It is part of a RIVIC (The Welsh Research Institute of Visual Computing) scientific programme - Vision-based Geometric Modelling. Research Associate. Sep 2009 - June 2013.
- SFS in facial gender classification, which proposed a shape-from-shading (SFS) based representation that can implicitly encode both the 2D texture and the 3D shape information to improve facial gender classification using either information alone. PhD. Oct 2005 - Sep 2009.
Teaching
2022/23-present:
- CM1103 Problem Solving with Python
- CMT107 Visual Computing
2016/17-2021/22:
- CM1101 Computational Thinking
- CM1103 Problem Solving with Python
2015/16:
- CM1103 Problem Solving with Python
- CMT202 Distributed and Cloud Computing
Biography
Education and qualifications
- 2009: PhD (Computer Science), University of York, York, UK
- 2005: MSc (Computer Science and Technology), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- 2002: BSc (Computer Science and Technology), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Career overview
- 2016 - present: Lecturer, School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University
- 2009 - 2016: Postdoctoral Research Associate, School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University
Honours and awards
- Outstanding Contribution Award, Cardiff University, 2023
- TAROS Best Paper Award, 2018
- BMVC Best Security Paper Prize, 2007
-
Overseas Research Students Awards Scheme (ORSAS), UK, 2005 - 2008
Professional memberships
- Member of IEEE
- HEA Fellowship
Committees and reviewing
- I am an associate editor of Pattern Recognition. 2024 onwards.
- I am on the editorial board of Displays. 2020 onwards
- Guest editor of special issues:
- in IET Image Processing: Image Processing in the Metaverse. (submission deadline: 31 March 2023)
- in IET Computer Vision: Multiview Representation Learning for Computer Vision. (submission deadline: 15 Sep 2022)
- in CMES: enabled and human-centric Computational Intelligence Solutions for Visual Understanding and Application. 2022
- Programme committee: CGVC (2018/2019/2020/2021/2022/2023/2024/2025), BMVC (2019/2020/2021), WACV (2021)
- Journal and Conference reviewer: CVPR, ICCV, TVCG, Pattern Recognition, Pattern Recognition Letters, Neurocomputing, The Visual Computer, etc.
Supervisions
I am interested in supervising PhD students in the areas of:
- Visual SLAM
- Semantic Segmentation
- Shape from Shading
- Visual Analytics
For funding opportunities, entry requirements, and online applications, please check:
Computer Science and Informatics - Study - Cardiff University
Current supervision
Past projects
- Asmail Alajeli Saleh Muftah, thesis "Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer via Machine Learning using Multiparametric MRI", Oct 2018 - Sep 2023, successfully defended with minor corrections. (Co-supervisor)
- Xintong Yang, thesis "Robotic Object Manipulation via Hierarchical and Affordance Learning", Oct 2019 - Sep 2023, PhD Awarded. (Co-supervisor)
- Stefano Zappala, thesis "In-vivo Digital Volume Correlation via Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Application to Positional Brain Shift and Deep Tissue Injury", Oct 2016 - Sep 2022, PhD Awarded (without minor corrections). (Co-supervisor)
Contact Details
[email protected]
+44 29206 88810
Abacws, Room Room 2.08, Senghennydd Road, Cathays, Cardiff, CF24 4AG
+44 29206 88810
Abacws, Room Room 2.08, Senghennydd Road, Cathays, Cardiff, CF24 4AG
Research themes
Specialisms
- Computer vision
- Visual Analytics
- Artificial intelligence